NASA計劃2033年派人類登陸火星,而火星大氣的氧含量只有0.14%,不足生存用,因此氧氣的供應問題必須著手解決。895Please respect copyright.PENANAgUrn46jaec
895Please respect copyright.PENANA0ZZ2AmMQ5m
895Please respect copyright.PENANAjrLTHIZVdf
(圖2)為針對此問題,NASA與MIT攜手合作,推行命為MOXIE (Mars OXygen In situ resource utilization Experiment) 的方案。895Please respect copyright.PENANAbzbpOeTVRf
895Please respect copyright.PENANAPiWWqV5fcZ
895Please respect copyright.PENANAcaWK2Dr8pz
理論就是將火星的二氧化碳電解成為可呼吸用的氧氣及一氧化碳,箇中所產生的一氧化碳對人體有效,所以必須隔走。895Please respect copyright.PENANAH2jCmgjIc5
而2020的火星登陸計劃其中一項試驗,就是測試裝置能否達到每小時產生10-22克氧氣的功效。895Please respect copyright.PENANAwG7x4nY6Ir
895Please respect copyright.PENANAVHfKVCmTix
(圖3)另一方面,根據早前鳳凰號登陸器所得出的資料,火星的水份含有大量的Mg(ClO4)2 化學物,Mg(ClO4)2 將水份的結冰點降低,促使水份在攝氏零下70度才會結冰。895Please respect copyright.PENANAIfbyCg46T1
895Please respect copyright.PENANAkxFo69JWLA
895Please respect copyright.PENANA8WxCErP1ya
火星的年度平均溫度為攝氏零下63度,上下幅度為攝氏100度,所以水份亦會有部份時間呈液體狀態。895Please respect copyright.PENANAnLBCQC8l0l
895Please respect copyright.PENANAgMHacwLDmb
有科學家嘗試運用攝氏零下36度模擬火星情景(Ref1),成功將水化解成氧氣(呼吸用)及氫氣(燃料用),不但不會產生有毒的二氧化碳,而且功率比NASA方法高出5倍有多。895Please respect copyright.PENANAp2VCGueQZz
895Please respect copyright.PENANA1FuC3uLsqj
雖然無法確定此理論是否真的在火星可行,但這項研究至少為2033年登陸火星的行動提供另一道製氧及燃料的方案。895Please respect copyright.PENANAYqQAQJEBwU
895Please respect copyright.PENANAkVeX909tcC
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。895Please respect copyright.PENANAIFBRVhkb3Y
895Please respect copyright.PENANAo2S8om5kq3
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/895Please respect copyright.PENANAVJyaRUrrHS
895Please respect copyright.PENANAUhD9BTRCE5
895Please respect copyright.PENANAyRf9FLT22S
Ref1:https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/11/24/2008613117895Please respect copyright.PENANAPrlBXWEqUd