The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxPVZCHmCqc
Ars Goetia1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvI6sv9KSmy
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCg12wfd6gE
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAwl66fHKHq
2) Duke Agares1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjLyhu9ruXT
3) Prince Vassago1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvazPot4GMD
4) Marquis Samigina1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxGvWYlD1eQ
5) President Marbas1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3QZHkIERPg
6) Duke Valefor1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6HseFgSQLG
7) Marquis Amon1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKUOkOHZdBv
8) Duke Barbatos1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6fk7DeQF1v
9) King Paimon1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmiJmKDwSuG
10) President Buer1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsF8d2Slja5
11) Duke Gusion1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC40lHpmULA
12) Prince Sitri1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdqtDgZ9i2J
13) King Beleth1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVF9lphGFT1
14) Marquis Leraje1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAD9pzYGFq9
15) Duke Eligos1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWbnEfC6S2I
16) Duke Zepar1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHIgflCVlYe
17) Count/President Botis1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn0ljR4VJDj
18) Duke Bathin1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv2tBlKhIfI
19) Duke Sallos1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxrMcxeNRqt
20) King Purson1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzzbaF9JW5o
21) Count/President Marax1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGvRUAAHzYI
22) Count/Prince Ipos1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0Ajr8Dwahh
23) Duke Aim1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRzniGrSf30
24) Marquis Naberius1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0ao7vfA3Kw
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6NXkuxDbkf
26) Duke Buné1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ca37kX47a
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡou0Cnt1m7i
28) Duke Berith1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPSFfCsWWR5
29) Duke Astaroth1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTwPCPlNVnV
30) Marquis Forneus1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxaFS4mzIi3
31) President Foras1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZXwwBIdncc
32) King Asmoday1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj1Y2f21Xii
33) Prince/President Gäap1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVqIQH9ifYL
34) Count Furfur1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7yb0oMpfKT
35) Marquis Marchosias1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMWH49FhNxh
36) Prince Stolas1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiiXopb04Z7
37) Marquis Phenex1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9BDRlrsc0a
38) Count Halphas1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0xgGUE9AUr
39) President Malphas1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYG8kKAIFsL
40) Count Räum1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYZYCTCeUYb
41) Duke Focalor1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwy6hrE5KZE
42) Duke Vepar1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwSrmAb1dsV
43) Marquis Sabnock1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUXMHVpRrQm
44) Marquis Shax1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1fhrhSoIWF
45) King/Count Viné1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa0fIkYfOVI
46) Count Bifrons1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGdDuiwmW86
47) Duke Vual1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOwBNfsaySW
48) President Haagenti1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiWJvT6U2e6
49) Duke Crocell1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwqb3W4LFFU
50) Knight Furcas1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2l90CRS4ET
51) King Balam1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeBcYoepy3G
52) Duke Alloces1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFIIVaUXPMN
53) President Caim1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxADdVpP7HE
54) Duke/Count Murmur1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrztGoQcjYy
55) Prince Orobas1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBzO1lk9scT
56) Duke Gremory1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq5Kufe4p6M
57) President Ose1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHoRloNB2QM
58) President Amy1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ71wHWwhgi8
59) Marquis Orias1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCNlSIEDuk7
60) Duke Vapula1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvKElfoe7RQ
61) King/President Zagan1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgNdZwf29MI
62) President Valac1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo28eEgRIPQ
63) Marquis Andras1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWtfme9RfQ3
64) Duke Flauros1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡllAQxrr192
65) Marquis Andrealphus1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ196bLlh2JU
66) Marquis Kimaris1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeKfd1T9FV7
67) Duke Amdusias1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXfOmRLU54N
68) King Belial1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTDoMy5yY9Y
69) Marquis Decarabia1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCad5tBZFju
70) Prince Seere1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLC6kxQ0MGL
71) Duke Dantalion1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJbDfAyOGnq
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1IYmnwambU
Ars Theurgia Goetia1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3dYcdK41Cj
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuboPGcEn9c
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Ars Paulina1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ27EyWnHv4g
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡslFglujhzq
Ars Almadel1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSo06YsXYZP
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcvRwlfMJ8z
Ars Notoria1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2G8IqWAGwI
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJVQR6gBeMv
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5KNpZZ4Nv9
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqV2SfmYo8G
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLKY69eenhq
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmw70tWnIIK
5 Invidia (Envy)1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ1pA6mrH1K
6 Ira (wrath)1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIUIQQS5bwn
7 Acedia (sloth)1034Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVWofio27Qc
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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