The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtoV7V9g9Uh
Ars Goetia769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx9OP3jIzlm
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfNcedlTmAq
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAb3R8OvbHs
2) Duke Agares769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRImuW3xfEq
3) Prince Vassago769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI3AT3dPU36
4) Marquis Samigina769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOkuBIMBEbm
5) President Marbas769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCdN9JZeNBI
6) Duke Valefor769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡogE4VI8SNZ
7) Marquis Amon769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd0P9Pm4abL
8) Duke Barbatos769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQKsWROXVLB
9) King Paimon769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuiNbJA1331
10) President Buer769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBsZoEVFjm7
11) Duke Gusion769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdAf2DaF4zh
12) Prince Sitri769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiws8V0B1En
13) King Beleth769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh1CnTzmcuy
14) Marquis Leraje769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhRAoTeVjsm
15) Duke Eligos769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1XKCLDOqha
16) Duke Zepar769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2RHA5wrnsU
17) Count/President Botis769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdC9D3Ra9LE
18) Duke Bathin769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ89AnogGpRU
19) Duke Sallos769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAFI11gpSb0
20) King Purson769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTKjr8meYgA
21) Count/President Marax769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMu6WMJ3sCn
22) Count/Prince Ipos769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI7lNOmkpkk
23) Duke Aim769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOtJbQBEBW5
24) Marquis Naberius769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY7ybke123y
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsgWnmmk2Qp
26) Duke Buné769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvlu7aquTUv
27) Marquis/Count Ronové769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDoVz15WrN3
28) Duke Berith769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB1hKhG4CaK
29) Duke Astaroth769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFCmMUeMVI0
30) Marquis Forneus769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGv8KPvYrgg
31) President Foras769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡonHcVni9G2
32) King Asmoday769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKFzJj7PeQt
33) Prince/President Gäap769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd3MP0ysyfj
34) Count Furfur769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8UDuxeyfoE
35) Marquis Marchosias769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH9QL6dW4xV
36) Prince Stolas769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM4jquiNgNa
37) Marquis Phenex769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyxoDy6XaCq
38) Count Halphas769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEb7jzvjYbq
39) President Malphas769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTOUnIN1shO
40) Count Räum769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxs0mpkOxF1
41) Duke Focalor769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡilgKfSUmZU
42) Duke Vepar769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKHImlS4GWf
43) Marquis Sabnock769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6LnVSF2N2Y
44) Marquis Shax769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs7ZHzaofTv
45) King/Count Viné769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2t8ddN1UT5
46) Count Bifrons769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuxJ8U9olq2
47) Duke Vual769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlhWOqmzF2u
48) President Haagenti769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRbhfQCAXgA
49) Duke Crocell769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwiDL73X1WN
50) Knight Furcas769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBzddgqn1rV
51) King Balam769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYXHft7K1rR
52) Duke Alloces769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRErdMqB26K
53) President Caim769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgNR7w2WjXg
54) Duke/Count Murmur769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK8ry35olbV
55) Prince Orobas769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw04VYr0cwv
56) Duke Gremory769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKk8eX2Vu14
57) President Ose769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoSjDZjOg6n
58) President Amy769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKiERjpFOIp
59) Marquis Orias769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYjq2Jd5K5o
60) Duke Vapula769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7QjTnQoZMq
61) King/President Zagan769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIpqKUiE6QO
62) President Valac769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡadaKnNMWKF
63) Marquis Andras769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeOYNTzrM13
64) Duke Flauros769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpPeGVzIozc
65) Marquis Andrealphus769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLhB5Dqky5u
66) Marquis Kimaris769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVWdRQ2lgko
67) Duke Amdusias769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNl8zOZwFUP
68) King Belial769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7LjqhUYYos
69) Marquis Decarabia769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ99DIdbWZYB
70) Prince Seere769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfWQnY7mUyT
71) Duke Dantalion769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4ocq2lWqg0
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX6GkxxTA0Z
Ars Theurgia Goetia769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIPe8BHTFRP
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd9lPwd2wBM
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Ars Paulina769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4wcqBgyT44
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZuS6Tbq1Df
Ars Almadel769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1l9Sj83wdZ
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡob5jp2M7dm
Ars Notoria769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9BVhhgwGaw
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYckHTnPYHY
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡflaX1GAiDc
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKuviO5zGwW
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJLbSraFFmV
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQplSNOKHuo
5 Invidia (Envy)769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡem1WViL21C
6 Ira (wrath)769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkFkFVHqpm4
7 Acedia (sloth)769Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLL1xgKIemT
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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