The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9VdzpnGjon
Ars Goetia1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtjnMSK1IdM
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeaQmnB1T1B
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTDboszrqZn
2) Duke Agares1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzeJhBtFG3j
3) Prince Vassago1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLQ1LobcKKP
4) Marquis Samigina1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOQzFY7oFqI
5) President Marbas1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡspmIGp2th6
6) Duke Valefor1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwDsK9tApeZ
7) Marquis Amon1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTXl8xdjq7Z
8) Duke Barbatos1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2MAWlWI30V
9) King Paimon1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4YGT9MYCTl
10) President Buer1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSkBFqz1ojJ
11) Duke Gusion1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiKzrwPoWtA
12) Prince Sitri1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡExJFm46QJ7
13) King Beleth1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkVpeqjWLBS
14) Marquis Leraje1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1U0tERz5M8
15) Duke Eligos1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ45944bO0Xg
16) Duke Zepar1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6F7iXkhCxX
17) Count/President Botis1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPRUMQ8cyIN
18) Duke Bathin1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe767uc6JfZ
19) Duke Sallos1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡInbsd10l5N
20) King Purson1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ562930hnUj
21) Count/President Marax1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEy0JzbaWfR
22) Count/Prince Ipos1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcigmGfBptZ
23) Duke Aim1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcAHXEnxhPx
24) Marquis Naberius1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaMLDe566GG
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfNHDJHNK0c
26) Duke Buné1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRe44rs1zQS
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRdMlA5SEl8
28) Duke Berith1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡif4SFeFxpX
29) Duke Astaroth1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp28kxNTiW4
30) Marquis Forneus1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtFW1ZsLNrq
31) President Foras1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRuJPz3allR
32) King Asmoday1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTXHMTq02MV
33) Prince/President Gäap1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX39NjBDKDF
34) Count Furfur1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCmi4iYZWvM
35) Marquis Marchosias1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmgWYkJPBI3
36) Prince Stolas1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMlKqv3tK9T
37) Marquis Phenex1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx82uouSxn5
38) Count Halphas1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUbG7ZYnbjR
39) President Malphas1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfJFNlo0wFG
40) Count Räum1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxJS640D243
41) Duke Focalor1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL1oc080Fbk
42) Duke Vepar1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz861vIdYGP
43) Marquis Sabnock1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRvIXSRAA06
44) Marquis Shax1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVRL0j1Rsoy
45) King/Count Viné1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeIikrQg757
46) Count Bifrons1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQBm1U1OWOP
47) Duke Vual1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7LbffCBzxF
48) President Haagenti1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEOn2yN6dkz
49) Duke Crocell1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8D43hGA6YQ
50) Knight Furcas1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcXN3mVobwv
51) King Balam1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWI6WWM4hrJ
52) Duke Alloces1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0qTG2X3DOe
53) President Caim1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2RyhaKTnD1
54) Duke/Count Murmur1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1Yw2q0IpOm
55) Prince Orobas1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZXCqShHaYz
56) Duke Gremory1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9FvizEBqnA
57) President Ose1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOPKctuj3Rk
58) President Amy1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeqAkhtvCgz
59) Marquis Orias1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb1KBfmmSoD
60) Duke Vapula1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1MpCl9mFcQ
61) King/President Zagan1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOzuT7TG2NG
62) President Valac1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW3ILI0LS0X
63) Marquis Andras1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaDNiUOIxIc
64) Duke Flauros1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6Vfeo5mCHv
65) Marquis Andrealphus1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQoLWrKGNYq
66) Marquis Kimaris1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQZzSU1b9SF
67) Duke Amdusias1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPD0TcD6Q6A
68) King Belial1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ09PkzuU1my
69) Marquis Decarabia1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAfpPtB38Af
70) Prince Seere1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2wJmGXCKh9
71) Duke Dantalion1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAIDHgkM9Kv
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSoOS3I3oab
Ars Theurgia Goetia1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFEMHscXeeL
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlo2WPUnycD
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Ars Paulina1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡji1TeRYpsZ
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlVMYkU5PSs
Ars Almadel1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjyQ1gtRqPY
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1NEifArflt
Ars Notoria1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHCF2nwJmmd
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKC5ECsgiPk
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQUKIR1XX0V
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMlTqE8F5kR
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWmG9gF5f1D
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCL5Ruxm4ds
5 Invidia (Envy)1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWsKZ425agn
6 Ira (wrath)1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbiVlgNcntL
7 Acedia (sloth)1045Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWkD7RuF4uF
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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