The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh1vZSMYwp0
Ars Goetia1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9QhLjVuE4b
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2t5EPqcx0L
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLitHte0WZW
2) Duke Agares1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡICKXo8ojcX
3) Prince Vassago1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGsl2dWpXJz
4) Marquis Samigina1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Mi5En09N4
5) President Marbas1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1NOo3dDq2H
6) Duke Valefor1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIIbpKLxYE8
7) Marquis Amon1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuAAzf7vtmQ
8) Duke Barbatos1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9GNNPqX978
9) King Paimon1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9llvFGkR7n
10) President Buer1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6makvfAGhs
11) Duke Gusion1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrOERC3pgI7
12) Prince Sitri1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9YjG3uR2AZ
13) King Beleth1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4FlotmaFCg
14) Marquis Leraje1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzGg15M8itQ
15) Duke Eligos1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwpL3mVoUJK
16) Duke Zepar1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHXuWGOeUqz
17) Count/President Botis1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ00O5HgFTIN
18) Duke Bathin1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK0UbGkY4K0
19) Duke Sallos1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1T12SU9l4q
20) King Purson1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNy9tdbVT9n
21) Count/President Marax1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSsnGUcN8la
22) Count/Prince Ipos1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNLr7i0huCK
23) Duke Aim1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwE2Q9RVjHW
24) Marquis Naberius1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQHwHLEO1qg
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ93s0CRZuQe
26) Duke Buné1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc8MeDKdrXM
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡguU7NgW6rP
28) Duke Berith1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnc3CIlXxvE
29) Duke Astaroth1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx15TpqZEZe
30) Marquis Forneus1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJgUOrbdB13
31) President Foras1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzeXquAIPnW
32) King Asmoday1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqeoEZju8x5
33) Prince/President Gäap1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4uYoXHM2VW
34) Count Furfur1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw53QTcNitM
35) Marquis Marchosias1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkZ2owzpJZe
36) Prince Stolas1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpgiZSoE102
37) Marquis Phenex1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnZkpAxBb7c
38) Count Halphas1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡntjiBKvJb6
39) President Malphas1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuQnTkGK7xT
40) Count Räum1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHrOtLb4MSq
41) Duke Focalor1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBSnzLfNOEb
42) Duke Vepar1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgqZsWCVMLD
43) Marquis Sabnock1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8uCu4o2ES3
44) Marquis Shax1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ84QsG6xcZm
45) King/Count Viné1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPjzrIkbi0J
46) Count Bifrons1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt7muibg0IO
47) Duke Vual1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsCxd1S6RVM
48) President Haagenti1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYtAcPV0yIR
49) Duke Crocell1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl47QWs3GQK
50) Knight Furcas1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqlS822osez
51) King Balam1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlFSrCwU0D8
52) Duke Alloces1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLdqsQcBDr5
53) President Caim1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx6DCERqkKS
54) Duke/Count Murmur1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvkcYtlMJSn
55) Prince Orobas1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoYQJhw0r2Y
56) Duke Gremory1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlFiQGMH9p6
57) President Ose1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJeBgF0uxNQ
58) President Amy1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJcEWY0xP4O
59) Marquis Orias1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2F9bBhbvDD
60) Duke Vapula1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmjscy55TtL
61) King/President Zagan1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8YZPSPm24Z
62) President Valac1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNei6YOd0i3
63) Marquis Andras1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEffDhpbaVX
64) Duke Flauros1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHSZ7PWkbfr
65) Marquis Andrealphus1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbRC0bR55cx
66) Marquis Kimaris1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ69V1RVyGao
67) Duke Amdusias1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhe3kqmVION
68) King Belial1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiJAxsslibZ
69) Marquis Decarabia1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtJgXf85rK3
70) Prince Seere1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw3loorC2CP
71) Duke Dantalion1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrGKwS4bNas
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJTk9RXzbz4
Ars Theurgia Goetia1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBIeZknuAdB
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0GZcmm0tvh
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Ars Paulina1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYPR1QpPVSl
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAKhGuAnX9r
Ars Almadel1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi0IBV5ZG7d
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfmYIf60qk6
Ars Notoria1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHAv80bHJKH
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmNUJVG3n7j
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEOJP3SJfzD
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1Tc68pjobR
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0I1N27uaU5
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi9PGGjB0wI
5 Invidia (Envy)1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ02fYoxuP87
6 Ira (wrath)1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUlV83i6nhU
7 Acedia (sloth)1119Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡONQufOZip8
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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