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之前佢成立嘅國際非洲協會102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg7fxshupqf
喺呢段時間慢慢變咗做吹水會102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9tXuzEe0XN
各國各自成立自己嘅探險隊去非洲102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ87wYOvLHEF
務求喺最短嘅時間擸最多嘅地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXgtDks6fME
而本來個協會嘅主要功能係協調各國同分享資訊102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHjatWo6mUQ
但係各國都各自為政，搵到咩都唔講102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjAfgu6XK4r
利奧波德二世知道咁落去遲早會有邊界糾紛甚至衝突102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwiyt07Sxke
佢要諗辦法鞏固佢喺剛果地區嘅主導地位102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbsgeSXQJBA
所以佢要儘快遊說各個列強承認佢嗰堆土地所有權轉讓書102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfBSbtAsqz0
102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDrKjPv2rvp
其實葡萄牙喺十五世紀末已經發現剛果河嘅出海口102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd9aughrw6c
並且喺嗰度南岸建立咗個根據地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTOAeiytSLj
不過一路都冇再深入剛果盆地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡISFTkEM1A2
隨住十九世紀初葡萄牙國力日漸衰弱102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlbm3zWe1TY
佢喺嗰度只係有名冇實嘅存在102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvy35leacNU
1822年巴西獨立102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4vQ1LXM8Rb
(最衰都係個國王老豆逼到個仔作反,葡萄牙就係嗰時開始加速衰弱 )
後來英國喺拿破崙戰爭期間102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA8Vg2RU52m
以葡萄牙為根據地反攻西班牙102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw51isxT24Q
英國佬當正係自己殖民地咁102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ9gcN4xs9r
喺葡萄牙盤踞咗成十幾年先肯走102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW6vimYGq5S
所以一路以嚟兩地嘅商業交往都好頻繁102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8IlYP2fP8b
因為咁剛果河口嘅利益英國都係有份嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuFQzEF6yhq
利奧波德二世第一個遊說目標就係英國
首先佢借住史丹利個名102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvp1NwtYQ7z
喺英國發動咗一系列嘅宣傳同遊說活動102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA6fWR8RdPz
主力控訴葡萄牙喺剛果河口嘅奴隸貿易102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4MC2WnnoHz
引起咗個唔細嘅輿論壓力畀英國政府102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwLqoQo1P8b
同時佢又私底下向英國嘅商會保證102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfWIan0By3v
如果佢控制到剛果盆地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAmYBcKi3kR
佢會好似葡萄牙咁畀最優惠國待遇畀英國102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn6xg1gvEkc
英國佬不嬲都冇乜興趣開發嗰度102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlVTeQ3c2Lg
當聽到有人肯咁傻仔去做開荒牛102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCpTfeaws99
佢淨係需要等到搞掂晒再入去做生意就ok102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrQDcnIc8GX
最緊要係利奧波德二世嘅名聲唔差信得過102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI9OfSUnjUd
比利時又係中立國應該唔會同英國作對102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKV112IIMMv
呢單嘢deal得過喎!Deal啦!
跟住到法國佬102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvnp2rmMCfM
呢個就難搞啲102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9MOgZkcsOz
因為法國喺剛果河口北岸沿海有塊殖民地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkOtmfCGEYz
佢可能想要埋成個剛果盆地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCk4ZU5XYDA
不過普法戰爭過咗十年唔夠102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnGYcz8Ks0P
法國畀德意志帝國強姦完102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMyuwUFd1tY
元氣仲未恢復102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcl2y6dXwrq
加上佢地而家同英國鬥快玩緊非洲過三關102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgEQCLnmHjp
(法國嘅橫斷非洲同英國嘅縱斷非洲,目的係唔使兜大圈去亞洲)102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfj5ICVEAlL
主力係擸北非嘅殖民地嚟做北非走廊102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1fR5EYNiDp
中非嘅利益唔係咁直接102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2PnALI5QZt
利奧波德二世又落嘴頭話102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzvFjOTBB0T
如果佢自己一個到最後唔夠錢搞唔掂個剛果盆地嘅話102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCWveAGYQln
咁就成個畀晒法國102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQhWNsb55jx
法國佬心諗你比利時咁細兜102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg0OrwnXrO2
實吞唔晒個剛果㗎喎102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiWwa1MGJCU
等你開完一輪荒先都好呀102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZkl9FcoAcX
就咁樣利奧波德二世又搞掂一個列強喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRvzK0rg5hZ
場非洲過三關喺1898年終於玩到最後一格喇,呢格叫法紹達102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB30QqjfbXO
唔知邊個贏呢?
然後就德意志帝國102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRbxVlPg4xR
佢啱啱統一咗十年左右102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2pFWCa38pv
非洲佢仲未霸到好多地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMz8sQHNLfc
主要都係喺東非102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmJ2MOPmkhQ
中非佢未有計劃去搞住102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUDGgjAdvQh
利奧波德二世又拍晒心口話支持各國商人喺剛果盆地做生意102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOoUFdkFdXd
(俾斯麥:你個仆街唔係話畀英國最惠國㗎咩?)102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwyYwn2Gnk0
不過德國佬覺得由一個中立國控制中非102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWWEPPflcB2
總比英國同法國是旦一個好啲102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ93evr9rACA
所以德國呢邊又搞掂102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnj2cjbHgHu
102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI4hKPBfLtF
最後係美國102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMjpqcAf4p8
佢喺非洲係冇乜利益嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡede2ikI4fg
不過佢對廢奴主義就好有興趣102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQHzMybbdz1
利奧波德二世請咗前美國駐比利時大使102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeFXhXo0zaC
大有錢佬桑福德做說客102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe0xz8g4Mur
佢將利奧波德二世嘅計劃102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTda7PhVkGt
描繪成一個令剛果嘅黑鬼徹底擺脫阿拉伯奴隸主嘅奴役102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk1NIx6rPAw
同時幫助佢地融入耶撚世界嘅義舉102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpPgA3wCnrJ
北面州份啲左膠個個聽到扯晒旗102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDIo5xusNA1
佢又暗中對住南邊啲鄉下佬推銷回歸非洲運動(a.k.a.趕黑鬼走運動)102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvaZzdgBQxo
表示剛果會收留嗰啲喺廢除奴隸制後出現嘅"自由黑鬼”102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj4qDXGunNr
啲鄉下佬一聽到可以趕走啲黑鬼102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs8r0rNRS7D
個個都舉腳贊成102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡthDQov14mA
有咗輿論基礎之後102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCk5oYHL5If
佢就隊咗堆"經細心整理"嘅土地所有權轉讓書畀美國總統過目102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgpez009DOI
結果喺1884年4月22日美國總統宣布102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdta1PhA53w
承認利奧波德二世嘅國際剛果協會(佢喺1878年成立嚟取代國際非洲協會)擁有剛果盆地嘅全部土地權益102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK8s3Xikud0
桑福德(Henry Shelton Sanford)102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvEEWeFpWPa
美國史上第一個幫外國老細辦事嘅說客
美國係第一個國家正式承認嗰堆土地所有權轉讓書102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU5HgMzRKeP
其他小國見到啲列強正式或者非正式嘅表態後都紛紛歸邊102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnCj7texzfM
不過呢個時候葡萄牙就開始淆底喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvT9EzQrZBf
畀利奧波德二世咁樣擸吓擸吓102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5DybTTlMpA
容乜易畀佢擸埋我剛果河口南岸(名義上)嘅地㗎102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGcPU2xuZXr
於是佢就搵佢(實際上)嘅前宗主國英國撐腰102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhuvbB9diWh
同當時嘅歐陸霸主德意志帝國投訴喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV1x258NtPE
英國其實對比利時控制中非冇乜意見102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡehwgdlMcPM
不過佢都驚佢擸過籠去到東岸嘅印度洋102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH7toNPERlY
咁英國個過三關部署就會有危險102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaec36JUQaR
至於德國佬俾斯麥就諗102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxxKxMBhped
德國喺非洲仲未企穩陣腳102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZhQiPUQUQg
呢個時候唔可以有亂局出現102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiUl13vKFb4
不如襯呢個機會協調吓大家喺非洲嘅利益啦102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVTPrtzWk1w
佢就決定喺1884年11月15日102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDOnEm8s7Dp
搞個柏林會議畀啲列強坐低分餅仔喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRN6hbSkz8I
同俾斯麥傾緊嗰個係桑福德,代表緊美國102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwVPJ4yioZv
史丹利就作為技術顧問參與會議102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡocCogGNJ7J
佢兩個同時都係收緊利奧波德二世嘅比利時法郎幫緊佢做嘢
去到呢一步棋102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOsVfd4KJ0v
利奧波德二世可以叫CHECK喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgCeWMnpSHJ
咁究竟佢同邊個捉緊棋呢?102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5VpS4apbc6
唔係法國佬，唔係英國佬，更加唔係德國佬102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyWlvcS7N1b
利奧波德二世先唔會咁不自量力102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡythVgMkYHM
佢只係利用列強間嘅矛盾102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQwrmauchdQ
通過外交手段誘導佢地作出對自己有利嘅決定啫102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW8ye0qTi4L
102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWs0kffIUgb
佢嘅對手其實係葡萄牙102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkan29Jnjs5
(搞笑嘅係葡萄牙要到呢刻先知道同人捉緊棋)102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0OOMIXvI7F
當初葡萄牙佔盡優勢，剛果盆地本來就係佢嘅囊中物102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKz6KkVkJ7c
如果係佢接觸史丹利先嘅話102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwxsx8szqdk
唔好話剛果盆地吖102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHH0JCBBN6j
利奧波德二世連剛果毛都唔會有條呀102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfGP92sa8zk
機會真係留畀有準備嘅人㗎102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiYECKwDUO9
喺呢刻列強已經企晒喺利奧波德二世嗰邊喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKZ4ZzKNi1n
會議決定將剛果河口同盆地判畀國際剛果協會102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmrqmgiOa4Z
利奧波德二世私人持有嘅"非牟利慈善團體”102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyxjuKb4T9X
嗰時利奧波德二世未夠五十歲102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX1E95QQx3B
佢三十歲嗰年登基102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe4Gdaefk5f
唔使廿年就由冇到有咁102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0gEFPEwlPJ
攞咗個面積有大半個西歐嘅殖民地返嚟102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ20OY0nPY16
仲要係列強心甘情願畀嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2XY1IlbfOP
呢啲就係外交嘅力量喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡalw244iVI3
1884年柏林會議分餅仔嘅結果102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWp8OhnKKrh
呢啲就係利奧波德二世外交嘅勝利喇
歐洲同剛果嘅面積對比圖102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTw8hvwYmPJ
要留意因為麥卡托投影法102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRrG5cbG5J2
距離赤道比較遠嘅歐洲102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh7CYKtcE4x
喺實際上會比地圖上細好多
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102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYYowojM0Ea
喺呢道要講少少葡萄牙之後嘅故事102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjXNAjjxVHp
葡萄牙其實都有自己嘅盤算嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaqrUeRWaMZ
佢本身喺剛果西南嘅安哥拉102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡns7Og0HGGU
同東南嘅莫桑比克都有殖民地嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPAHb7DKaub
之前一路都只係沿住海岸捉啲黑鬼過巴西做奴隸種吓嘢咁102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYT1f7FqPg6
自從巴西獨立冇咗條大財路後102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbc4gKEEHJo
呢兩度佢都冇乜點理102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyKML58HXLc
但喺19世紀中佢意識到102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaQ401EmenD
其實非洲內陸都有好多資源可以發展㗎喎102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMx4BtoCn0o
於是佢喺1860年代開始102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUiFvSiekal
實行重返非洲政策102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpFx7yHXaJx
開始諗吓點開發運用呢啲內陸地區102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkjM1uCEK4B
卒之喺柏林會議佢就提出將兩笪地之間嘅內陸劃畀佢102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs2RHCSwGag
形成貫穿東西非連接大西洋同印度洋嘅走廊102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5M3tZLKEtB
葡萄牙嘅"粉紅地圖"
......102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAeUjLqSEff
你個打靶仔吖想叉隻脚落嚟玩過三關!?102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡviTf2QcKCf
英國即刻拍住枱嚟屌102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf9IVQ36DNy
德國佬同法國佬就揞住個口嚟笑⋯⋯102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoPFNjCM17Z
「嗱葡萄牙你話你發現嗰度先所以係你嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpsn7Sb0mN3
唔係話唔撐你102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi7aUaxUZPW
睇住英國佬激到紮紮跳我地都好高興102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz2T7DIVtZ3
不過而家嗰個區域一個葡萄牙佬都冇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSuUTt4vWbM
以前同你簽落協議嗰啲土著勢力又一早收晒皮喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW8K992GRyU
我地都好難做㗎喎102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjGI04MAhTL
咁啦而家個大原則係你要有人管理嗰度102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZAgxsgMKTw
或者同嗰度啲生番簽署返啲協議102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMF9etYS3sw
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