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喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg1AeJplGKw
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNulcvSdVVI
其實佢地唔係一般人想像中咁原始㗎72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXHebPK2JXv
喺剛果河下游至河口一帶72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq8nu20mI7T
因為河道較闊72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ875uKsK8H8
葡萄牙人都入到去探索72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkx627tsLRh
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdJosgEU1s1
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ294pyl2BAn
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMZtm1yC2cp
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSs7jN2JFXS
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1uWGuT5teA
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCPmIK8gInB
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmPXfnhFMc7
攞到錢就買啲西方產物72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuoqtGW5mIs
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNNjzjkT65B
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTHxSet7i5V
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7RfndkTFvQ
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4G9J8P1baA
船係行唔到入去嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcuWQ149FIR
交通非常唔方便72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgKrPe7vq5S
各個部落亦都分得好散72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEay7AKO5wb
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡazcF1QSM7B
所以先畀佢有機可乘72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMgjVWqd6oG
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh3GAxlv64B
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXtmAeuNR1k
舊稱史丹利瀑布72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWY4rFctGgM
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkGnE4Tn1Xy
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYI2Qruam4n
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvf4XdPA3fu
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRgAwfIW5kc
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF4VU0aN5Bn
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5WGLK5rHBk
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ2lGFJly5H
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjEMvY8Vyfa
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl1HP45RxTw
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhGhcSUFz3h
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA8kEg3RlWh
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQD9iSSfIny
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8dHUjo2t3z
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4CZ3Su7Cu1
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb27kl7uS3U
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1cOxWmmqP7
北面係雨林南邊就草原72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡStnchmWp96
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2e4rcHcHE8
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKs6As1MMM3
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWOKL74x5Jw
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGo37dIUGqd
由農業採礦開始72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEq56hHSeuw
再慢慢發展工業72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXESeJyicl4
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9BKutKlRwm
不過佢冇時間咁做72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx8RaG0OQrs
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLh56edHre3
可以話係揹到成身街數72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZjFGoWpQJy
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtYorPomQDf
唔好話發展呀72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwqe4b5Wf0z
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvyJ3Inb6yv
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv4n3cY9mrL
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJCr7vcJd8c
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0U8L8nOWB1
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQTN8p8s7qV
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNt4tz5TnrY
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhIBIuDGzBu
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCGrXnul2LO
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAP63wCnqfB
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7O0imFtoyB
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡstgAzNJJZz
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXqwESXmAyj
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡciwO0ZrrVi
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0vtjFpJYKP
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc9y3f9DA29
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR5PjDfiOom
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVg6P7Ob6l3
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoFkqQt6KO1
透過呢啲條例同方法72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdy7csQvRbc
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyXlRJ2k9JN
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyk7CEbFcAb
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcaw6BCiFrv
咁邦政府同租界公司72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCRQEg5pqTO
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLjOZQup6hj
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxUOpjzqB88
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwKXnEbusMu
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7AqVovIINv
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeU5oaoTvrb
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdGOMv5xPYx
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAaVucGENQL
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfChEtd0NU9
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡubk3tGpOpX
全長三百幾公里)72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡatvd1IYcSy
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnieIBiPcgv
好似人頭稅咁72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrpqS8tEu1E
每個成年男人都有一個配額72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFUIFrkSCaj
由租界公司收取72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVhZr6pLB8r
FP做稅吏追稅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡThPHPsBZ9s
...似曾相識72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiemIlUQ6zu
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCVN6VSTjEU
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIi0aO3Pi7n
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTZ1oNaU1gT
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWXUjZsFJEQ
而喺呢九個租界裡面72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrmvhq2ABpw
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1vHxyhZ7yq
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNq60wEbCEL
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg33wgZm9lR
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8poWVQs6cj
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5vnbopcCaH
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMs5aAbfl1U
佢會以三年合約72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPNYnFzpq9N
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGztLXbS1c5
呢個人工其實唔係咁高72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCrSVn6fFwx
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyfyys7LZw1
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW1YNu2jwNA
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu2ymlWYKmS
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT4pLAjR3Rn
(通常個target係佢管轄區內72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqVQBaHR7g2
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0M5DYGw7a9
因為橡膠總值嘅2%72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGMqPh0687Y
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKENAZEyUB8
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrlD2QbtVpi
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTvp09MShej
相等於而家63萬港紙左右72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXjJAtgZvAD
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJjXi4p2Gxg
(去Working Holiday三年72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcllcQugeGI
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRPb9Fjh9IZ
但係如果唔到target嘅話72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLRMKIjVtwD
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6zJONzkLFt
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsgZ5ZrV9sG
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLVMmymTRzA
務求喺三年內賺夠走人72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9dz7U4OA0j
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYi7uAzcrae
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWRWZBOco0a
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmjmH1szulQ
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu3fcFF6F6g
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxkzvu8fJ6h
到戰爭完結時72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ17qE9ipcvM
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfEfVDmMKg6
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWEmkdpBpws
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0QsH2LgnkF
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2xqtc0VIQg
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqSu35Ospuy
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP97IlEvqFD
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡho9axZjwqb
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAwKk2oHlfJ
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlJ1VWPKWap
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgRrT61RM6u
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkWKh276Wva
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoFQugtRtFi
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmPVGsiSyRt
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡovtWrp1I2z
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlVtNMvpkXy
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEBPTocKgKW
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgwMWcQ0CPT
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHurAF9SkIB
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdlahjMWW3s
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvmRozLbCwl
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcEMTAqAoFa
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMhfggiL90R
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBZj9FQ9UUC
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4ukJEsNUc
至於其他部分同阿媽呢72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn1sAY7iNCY
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ10O5Zwk422
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCJPuX54pfK
FP最常用嘅招數72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC3DU2ZxkdF
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsfQRAlIDqT
去逼佢地採集橡膠72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ34mn1DV0p
面對咁嘅壓迫72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡklTSHbIRuc
啲村民當然不滿啦72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtCE7Djc2R7
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ70ZLMm7GSe
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2Vzrph9lNG
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRjaLKXvpJx
不過因為實力差距太大72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgz6vRgQFz0
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvY9f5U8qJI
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7pTCfk51bs
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRqmAJwT547
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtyHECac62o
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM7KrDLRgij
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxOwf4RCDD2
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIpkLqA6TpP
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ40krIuGp59
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjrCYh0hLzQ
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCPuAwwDvYo
主要對外通道全部都有人把守72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9o37WkGQ2k
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI72p0KCA92
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNZi2waSM0C
72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5r5PBG2XRX
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEkWMPsuGG1
啲村民差唔多所有時間72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuTSY1IeKAY
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTRcnm3nRvx
而近乎完全冇回報72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyBdUb5KBDJ
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdAB0op3n4I
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡONDXuPAhGr
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeTYSd8Zmom
去換食物畀屋企人72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlebkNKtLdp
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4GdjSCu8U0
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqSs78JXRTf
所以飢荒係非常普遍72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaQK1jURCsF
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg2O8ZrFDVf
可以一家人一齊捱餓72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrxmDiJc3MA
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡucKCNCUEia
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡms3eUHptAs
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNa39olMkj0
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIUni3PegfM
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwTodblDKHK
橡膠嘅需求直線上升72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXehfyfJYzO
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyZZWizZz1e
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡduQaGvWyI3
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNCszZHTbT6
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIWlXtAqRr6
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD0RfTBVCtO
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkWn3s1KyOD
72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHtdwLoezPk
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH8gd1JTQQF
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnYumIVbWkO
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYdcZNaADc7
因為地心吸力72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqrTYMAvLHI
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnr425HRswU
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOQVIjWBubH
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeT7CmOgflb
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgdpMlHp8AQ
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS4L7qly53y
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWOdPyH59DH
但係喺1876年72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq3Bjso2ykH
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6pzF2KK8RY
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡngu5wCps03
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxzW5Iwrg98
主要來自一種攀藤72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvY7db3X9c1
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0klCyYby82
通常會生到三十米以上72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRC3DadrLS5
即係大概十幾層樓高72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC09W0ZOCET
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEyI87FbWX4
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH8cElC5DWy
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNXmQIylalr
因為冇主要軀幹72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNzXyO4v1W7
啲乳液唔夠集中72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnAMlCD54pI
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9AqjNymsjL
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡorfw8viKjH
就係爬上樹頂72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJrhEQm3EGQ
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDxs35SJ55i
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3m5h2v9oX8
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk5mWSBZqtf
仲非常晒時間72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9Uw2EvCepP
一日最多榨到兩至三棵72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbXJoATc9WG
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmpE77jzahV
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxXvyEkmQYZ
72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡesXJKFyHgL
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLTOKBsQrZy
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvRxzLIj2AJ
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwqrKy12EaR
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3H1U4DuhCL
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0TgXpAaPZc
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjIQcBgwiQ9
令效率進一步降低72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFi7qoAoqCb
以致到咗1890年代中期72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuyylUZbRxP
一個成年男丁72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzn3OEjPbNn
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzSQVUGX9n6
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdzYFUoK9iV
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXoo6Tbgd8B
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzVKAb29NB9
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcScrzRARkL
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiKLglVWDYA
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ32ZwzMPd1g
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2GFhsJV5po
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ00Z4VwmnM8
以A.B.I.R.為例72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ5j6f75xII
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc7xQLoIcP7
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡirHjzkvAF5
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1IRBtRaP00
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡilz8XiH87v
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqpND3J2xZF
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO6zkgoWv3Y
72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡztB8gN4xlJ
喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4q3JbtuKjk
同回購租界公司嘅股份72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFRpYNJrzZA
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0QoFPovFTy
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi2Wx9QdTp8
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8PruzdvYf1
比利時因此國泰民安72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYFUPHJiqZB
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnfW0YFVDIm
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkzLudX5uUt
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpLMREb212F
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3rfkhe1kCW
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG4rZJ3ZzBc
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72Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZWvvqJhqp9
...待續
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