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喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHDZg2DYq3l
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPSeOP6GT3l
其實佢地唔係一般人想像中咁原始㗎51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIF8GdG4uQT
喺剛果河下游至河口一帶51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWx6ZX6bSRQ
因為河道較闊51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd5J2bsS0DK
葡萄牙人都入到去探索51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtl5kDPnFjs
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkhQsnSdDor
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxhr7M6b54R
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3D5HQKaDsE
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡndarwwJSPx
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRHV3aXjDpQ
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2B26aMoMrn
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5j00ffEoPl
攞到錢就買啲西方產物51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu33acv07PJ
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAYNUnCLZUd
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDDYhBW2a1K
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIqKsffYjhO
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPJ3jdA4tYj
船係行唔到入去嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv27EZTV14L
交通非常唔方便51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF8XkMERwvw
各個部落亦都分得好散51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG1hu7w1Dy1
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvE37g7xfOc
所以先畀佢有機可乘51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbaFngyrJ2h
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeeHawvnnN9
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkXpVo1GNLd
舊稱史丹利瀑布51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPJQqSshhNA
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6AKedBHPFq
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyL6j9YhQwz
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhIAu0cjkON
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6J9bZLrO2I
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡskfXjC0U3n
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFfMgT7PRPm
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA91vBZUlgw
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFsjFo74Df3
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtgIWCQVmrE
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEWraqEpzAI
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxHR7fSH7CF
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkHU2QLwFBQ
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEkg0lgjcpa
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKSCZYOPNe7
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6eXEx9SO6t
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiKb6zsXhfM
北面係雨林南邊就草原51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBxTtIR7HC3
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg1sh9Df5gx
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqTtmz5PEjG
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbFD66Ooybs
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhoZ9ANQKi6
由農業採礦開始51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbHimzZ7yf7
再慢慢發展工業51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCX7jDhphis
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmNqIZhAQtZ
不過佢冇時間咁做51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxQEfJMvlJX
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3mS1KMkdmN
可以話係揹到成身街數51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPgvkPDa7Se
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbLkwRUIBev
唔好話發展呀51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjJI2prt5ZA
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG1oKl851L0
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSItyrsh9Wd
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtbgCAozTSt
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSqb2OkJPr9
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpHPz9Rh7o8
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡos2PTwhjM4
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEzTo9uH3YL
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGPb6bFo8mP
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0uOk8OyiUl
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTOpCavcgu0
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe90jsDQegP
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡboiFjnFyZz
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMq82hQVLAZ
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCcz4rjjODo
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpl7bXMuAKD
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPu6msWQh5S
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfu4l09sqyI
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOFybLc0bLx
透過呢啲條例同方法51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2ZKgYk9ixI
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKJoQuHAmwk
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZHYnAr4cwF
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaKOFUhNqbs
咁邦政府同租界公司51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo4Te1OeibS
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKMcWEySOsl
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzR5MgA6YC7
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWkCdXBvC7R
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0RMtQqVvCb
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7mAP4bPFMm
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaQJ8yJjrlt
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYtc7xODZoC
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe0VF60cUZP
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZYRQW4KN5G
全長三百幾公里)51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMXoEmOAJnu
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkuti8EfT6G
好似人頭稅咁51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2N3upYh1PN
每個成年男人都有一個配額51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ92PAbSEWg5
由租界公司收取51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFXgmc6n9tA
FP做稅吏追稅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfjLvtLbOXI
...似曾相識51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUH7P38ezud
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJjipoUHane
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTkhBe0B2LH
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRq2vcBFHlw
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxE9jPm9arq
而喺呢九個租界裡面51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdp6ZWC64Qj
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3DrsKQWF8o
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIApdABqX4z
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1kuKYpthQN
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5lJKDcM8En
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡULImSzw1yF
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLSUvS0PdTe
佢會以三年合約51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb2EWvA1rpy
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiHkuR03c5X
呢個人工其實唔係咁高51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6KAN5lit8W
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNU3jTYGZ7e
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Omz8oEfFD
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl8UKQBmkeu
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrDgg2aAYbC
(通常個target係佢管轄區內51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ40tu5LLvcl
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjGWjGmUEfj
因為橡膠總值嘅2%51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK2U6xkZ3ug
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMLjVPHtvxa
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRGyLxCo7Bl
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlefO9qedvq
相等於而家63萬港紙左右51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKIV3Qikite
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrTicmXkHAX
(去Working Holiday三年51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd2S4oDHUST
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSkgSLdmpqa
但係如果唔到target嘅話51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNMLUJfPpkN
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4OZqOqKtPu
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡICvCKHb2G3
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIwLTymRvNT
務求喺三年內賺夠走人51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwpUhaqP9Sr
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpK3Z5xio22
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0Z7BWm8G7u
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzSBq8yuQaf
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkOklKv2jO0
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡniFdjBpWoh
到戰爭完結時51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡknqkMWQ2AE
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJQAgcIJjxr
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTmGeFI1eFm
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa5iKd4ex9Z
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq48Mg1hUc1
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXGPDEDwtHN
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcALu4r5BiT
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhXmj5BeevH
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡecpHewwCXM
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4mwVDbpme9
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ21U6rHfU8J
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcwRPlkjjAr
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrdPzsq6Wn4
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUYAC5raimd
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa7yayAeUKW
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡClFWHMwezi
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqz1hAeLkRg
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGTqU79CoRN
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3MKw5sFaCK
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5UrTNnhq1N
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ10UBYRbhnp
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUwJl6LQH7x
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡydrWbN31AE
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfeF7GXm1g7
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ44vsh4FeXR
至於其他部分同阿媽呢51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPd9qGuLCyd
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCb0aZ2x4kL
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3nJan46HfX
FP最常用嘅招數51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhtv66DNwXN
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡclnF4ztHpt
去逼佢地採集橡膠51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOIUXl9gZlk
面對咁嘅壓迫51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnB5fHGPC6P
啲村民當然不滿啦51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ43n8V5jmTR
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9B27ORdtuy
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡegJ5DAgcWI
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPdOxnlHbGL
不過因為實力差距太大51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ53ywGrPpbp
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡevEpMBkeoE
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡktawyqoZN4
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡioNfnTiImj
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8U4YIUjRzN
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkRinAtaBao
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuukLsmFi8p
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ43a2WLXud6
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhEz0axsMt0
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxC4cdXqeG3
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9QaZPe69LS
主要對外通道全部都有人把守51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLM80Fw8QqI
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvzmBVzaiTX
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjh0F0HwZtz
51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuTxpEh5q7L
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNqoFiAQt68
啲村民差唔多所有時間51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaomoiJMsgc
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlS8WgZfC8w
而近乎完全冇回報51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxIlxWHnuWc
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡepr8cDEOoi
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQmgn4OrxEK
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB9DpLKGysF
去換食物畀屋企人51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMHGU0fFrIh
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrUqzk1jUzy
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMXwVZwJoIg
所以飢荒係非常普遍51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxFbkyzGwnz
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnT6f8QifwC
可以一家人一齊捱餓51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAZ0GWfM7A5
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ46SgOefWq7
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuoWAL93ekh
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpVqseQnQul
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ66eVwT8EpI
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3G3iGzrpEw
橡膠嘅需求直線上升51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy8EvoYk5FC
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuLARJCpL1d
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1HHoVJcFAw
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7HqWSfbmf9
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlNFPMOml3H
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk7hEdQE1fF
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHOJ26BAUu9
51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtv8G1clCIO
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZzmggDXOIa
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1Ge5F7gdWg
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvCgCMaji5n
因為地心吸力51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSVs6aZMLcs
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwJ2X4nxmpU
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTnc7JeeaOQ
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGfQNOtW7Nu
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMhwC1L9JgV
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1CpnCsPZKl
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxAFrH63U9q
但係喺1876年51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyz7qcsdfSk
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDhJioMDPOd
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYIzKAp6nC1
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOe1yhX4qQJ
主要來自一種攀藤51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9JhGmpneOf
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1pbY9ThVgx
通常會生到三十米以上51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyNN6txABYj
即係大概十幾層樓高51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtgFfPw0ifY
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCUEqgElYaV
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgHvFBIBKRy
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJrH8lhbmk2
因為冇主要軀幹51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1aE64uTzku
啲乳液唔夠集中51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnrMou9GkTK
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡINmQLQaRdx
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLiew6YEGjz
就係爬上樹頂51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡolU6mf0KrD
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8Uj9NDEOeu
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRwMEA6RcE4
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq7UadFXnho
仲非常晒時間51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWInoEXj32z
一日最多榨到兩至三棵51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVG8WKu0vZY
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4wi7P1LIEU
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡujocWeXAie
51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYHfpz635TA
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwvg6tsAkfd
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiaFNf0I0ox
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXAdjIDSlJo
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxKAbCtfBQG
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNtfWWh0CSg
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGuXW38XoES
令效率進一步降低51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdueppBGZx1
以致到咗1890年代中期51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWSha5thKmX
一個成年男丁51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8gW7Z7K7H2
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2g9QY1G75o
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBwGtHUdbNu
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdahX7L2nR8
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTyWGGvDcPG
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKsseh9c97R
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjO4SAEtPP1
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXgn5f2iLcO
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgWL89HbG3C
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpRnOSFJXci
以A.B.I.R.為例51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH6wb5TaBjF
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtA5LVNxwl5
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8PDngn6rzx
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNTayoLZyO7
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLUB40jQ1TT
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAG8XRNEYWE
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYldRGU2xhZ
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喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCtCtWk9GVO
同回購租界公司嘅股份51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡavDAv8ji8R
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQZtIZXh7T6
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡythwn8RJtG
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZgLJpQhyT0
比利時因此國泰民安51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlrI2CwOtCr
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsIHPA8uuli
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAZjijacL7r
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4assYwIIlU
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福51Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVuhLlqoTIB
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
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...待續
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