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之前佢成立嘅國際非洲協會102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv7um62hIC2
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各國各自成立自己嘅探險隊去非洲102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBQFkwBATMI
務求喺最短嘅時間擸最多嘅地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvpajcR6aYY
而本來個協會嘅主要功能係協調各國同分享資訊102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTcKvhrkW8e
但係各國都各自為政，搵到咩都唔講102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ47SU9jzFrU
利奧波德二世知道咁落去遲早會有邊界糾紛甚至衝突102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkyJxbNblC8
佢要諗辦法鞏固佢喺剛果地區嘅主導地位102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj5SmCzQ5od
所以佢要儘快遊說各個列強承認佢嗰堆土地所有權轉讓書102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWWC2EW3Y4R
102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfahQA7HINw
其實葡萄牙喺十五世紀末已經發現剛果河嘅出海口102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6jMl3EMOUl
並且喺嗰度南岸建立咗個根據地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRz0gDK1cZP
不過一路都冇再深入剛果盆地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPrncMBicCR
隨住十九世紀初葡萄牙國力日漸衰弱102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiM1kWSiieB
佢喺嗰度只係有名冇實嘅存在102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgxrwbVWh28
1822年巴西獨立102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡenQtS97Ios
(最衰都係個國王老豆逼到個仔作反,葡萄牙就係嗰時開始加速衰弱 )
後來英國喺拿破崙戰爭期間102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQqdbZawxz1
以葡萄牙為根據地反攻西班牙102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfXBjKx74cG
英國佬當正係自己殖民地咁102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZLCclVb8tM
喺葡萄牙盤踞咗成十幾年先肯走102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJfx4ik0US9
所以一路以嚟兩地嘅商業交往都好頻繁102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCTTcj8M5ct
因為咁剛果河口嘅利益英國都係有份嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU488SnQD4c
利奧波德二世第一個遊說目標就係英國
首先佢借住史丹利個名102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYXb5Nsw1yM
喺英國發動咗一系列嘅宣傳同遊說活動102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5CQD3fa90T
主力控訴葡萄牙喺剛果河口嘅奴隸貿易102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRdPmdYYEYY
引起咗個唔細嘅輿論壓力畀英國政府102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ4JjNoZukG
同時佢又私底下向英國嘅商會保證102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOkAxIxsj4T
如果佢控制到剛果盆地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKTu5MAAiTH
佢會好似葡萄牙咁畀最優惠國待遇畀英國102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT4nuzPcwLe
英國佬不嬲都冇乜興趣開發嗰度102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNFlsYiVT1Z
當聽到有人肯咁傻仔去做開荒牛102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx4NGEQuLhP
佢淨係需要等到搞掂晒再入去做生意就ok102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrZifzToRUk
最緊要係利奧波德二世嘅名聲唔差信得過102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4ZgydDaFOE
比利時又係中立國應該唔會同英國作對102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlKZlChp1od
呢單嘢deal得過喎!Deal啦!
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呢個就難搞啲102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGEt3uyd1dw
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佢可能想要埋成個剛果盆地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGMXs1l0fXo
不過普法戰爭過咗十年唔夠102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeNoRyYYqw4
法國畀德意志帝國強姦完102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrJOcN22m5U
元氣仲未恢復102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHGyD15J5Mq
加上佢地而家同英國鬥快玩緊非洲過三關102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpIoAPKZYVF
(法國嘅橫斷非洲同英國嘅縱斷非洲,目的係唔使兜大圈去亞洲)102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡglJwb7zECK
主力係擸北非嘅殖民地嚟做北非走廊102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvQZyoM12IZ
中非嘅利益唔係咁直接102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx02sS6KWaW
利奧波德二世又落嘴頭話102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnnx6sbXcSq
如果佢自己一個到最後唔夠錢搞唔掂個剛果盆地嘅話102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnLyoQDW35e
咁就成個畀晒法國102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs6YSeKGhVn
法國佬心諗你比利時咁細兜102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs71cCelMzZ
實吞唔晒個剛果㗎喎102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3aFeVjdat4
等你開完一輪荒先都好呀102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzGutu1ZMDn
就咁樣利奧波德二世又搞掂一個列強喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTbtxBc1qRs
場非洲過三關喺1898年終於玩到最後一格喇,呢格叫法紹達102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhrUFW0TnlL
唔知邊個贏呢?
然後就德意志帝國102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9lFg9SfoNM
佢啱啱統一咗十年左右102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyNta9la1LC
非洲佢仲未霸到好多地102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGkQUScXdo9
主要都係喺東非102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa0JiBNUlhF
中非佢未有計劃去搞住102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLdXXFyNa6I
利奧波德二世又拍晒心口話支持各國商人喺剛果盆地做生意102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4DAnAkwZ8C
(俾斯麥:你個仆街唔係話畀英國最惠國㗎咩?)102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzK6adnr8oa
不過德國佬覺得由一個中立國控制中非102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEWiK6BX9CO
總比英國同法國是旦一個好啲102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfSXujQuuwK
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102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRVLexpG6w6
最後係美國102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqKc01srOhI
佢喺非洲係冇乜利益嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtvG2xcvPxd
不過佢對廢奴主義就好有興趣102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKh45HjDA1H
利奧波德二世請咗前美國駐比利時大使102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaMRowsDSuf
大有錢佬桑福德做說客102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ29FZjRFT8X
佢將利奧波德二世嘅計劃102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡATfoC7AdOD
描繪成一個令剛果嘅黑鬼徹底擺脫阿拉伯奴隸主嘅奴役102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1keoooi0lP
同時幫助佢地融入耶撚世界嘅義舉102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCK3S1gpMoK
北面州份啲左膠個個聽到扯晒旗102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjn0Im4gIpZ
佢又暗中對住南邊啲鄉下佬推銷回歸非洲運動(a.k.a.趕黑鬼走運動)102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡprhgAhOJoK
表示剛果會收留嗰啲喺廢除奴隸制後出現嘅"自由黑鬼”102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7E3oGA0Z5P
啲鄉下佬一聽到可以趕走啲黑鬼102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEzg7UGxFkI
個個都舉腳贊成102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ91Nji7y8kW
有咗輿論基礎之後102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxzXnLj7Wod
佢就隊咗堆"經細心整理"嘅土地所有權轉讓書畀美國總統過目102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmFQibC8aXz
結果喺1884年4月22日美國總統宣布102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN91XGJg0ma
承認利奧波德二世嘅國際剛果協會(佢喺1878年成立嚟取代國際非洲協會)擁有剛果盆地嘅全部土地權益102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJUhW2dUEu5
桑福德(Henry Shelton Sanford)102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdHjGL8nIGD
美國史上第一個幫外國老細辦事嘅說客
美國係第一個國家正式承認嗰堆土地所有權轉讓書102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3jsiE95Lmv
其他小國見到啲列強正式或者非正式嘅表態後都紛紛歸邊102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTDNqCJdfpR
不過呢個時候葡萄牙就開始淆底喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbiE3fAZzzr
畀利奧波德二世咁樣擸吓擸吓102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhYTX9iqL1R
容乜易畀佢擸埋我剛果河口南岸(名義上)嘅地㗎102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡctTNKOZ8QI
於是佢就搵佢(實際上)嘅前宗主國英國撐腰102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCanuVdVdp4
同當時嘅歐陸霸主德意志帝國投訴喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfAdqeVS6PI
英國其實對比利時控制中非冇乜意見102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRcrZ7GVGLP
不過佢都驚佢擸過籠去到東岸嘅印度洋102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3UZ5RYqFOz
咁英國個過三關部署就會有危險102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡchd1Bfpdqd
至於德國佬俾斯麥就諗102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdkK8agN5t1
德國喺非洲仲未企穩陣腳102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTNK44LJHOO
呢個時候唔可以有亂局出現102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWvXG1S1TZu
不如襯呢個機會協調吓大家喺非洲嘅利益啦102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtWwDiErxDI
佢就決定喺1884年11月15日102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU6p3xyM3Gi
搞個柏林會議畀啲列強坐低分餅仔喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzoj7W40Pse
同俾斯麥傾緊嗰個係桑福德,代表緊美國102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqU73VSMRbx
史丹利就作為技術顧問參與會議102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0DQSE0Yul0
佢兩個同時都係收緊利奧波德二世嘅比利時法郎幫緊佢做嘢
去到呢一步棋102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzPiy3By09U
利奧波德二世可以叫CHECK喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeHkSuPlXPJ
咁究竟佢同邊個捉緊棋呢?102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQAtWYrlBem
唔係法國佬，唔係英國佬，更加唔係德國佬102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD0y4RV9o1R
利奧波德二世先唔會咁不自量力102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGmFWUEl2VT
佢只係利用列強間嘅矛盾102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaC86lcFNN0
通過外交手段誘導佢地作出對自己有利嘅決定啫102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm7eFCMsIxc
102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeW2zVdOWqJ
佢嘅對手其實係葡萄牙102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmgE9GeqREm
(搞笑嘅係葡萄牙要到呢刻先知道同人捉緊棋)102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9fPLJEa1W8
當初葡萄牙佔盡優勢，剛果盆地本來就係佢嘅囊中物102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMAdu43m0bx
如果係佢接觸史丹利先嘅話102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4FnUVFT3t1
唔好話剛果盆地吖102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7W1mz9B0mN
利奧波德二世連剛果毛都唔會有條呀102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9W8hNXwH8E
機會真係留畀有準備嘅人㗎102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUGMfgJHKeQ
喺呢刻列強已經企晒喺利奧波德二世嗰邊喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfbrkvYqE6P
會議決定將剛果河口同盆地判畀國際剛果協會102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNINq4ZONmn
利奧波德二世私人持有嘅"非牟利慈善團體”102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhmIo5u9Ztg
嗰時利奧波德二世未夠五十歲102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPFnoG9mLxG
佢三十歲嗰年登基102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz1exL2tK3R
唔使廿年就由冇到有咁102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1ZMD2eh5UB
攞咗個面積有大半個西歐嘅殖民地返嚟102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8cpc9bpXtv
仲要係列強心甘情願畀嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUyfi8HdBoD
呢啲就係外交嘅力量喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVd55NJk752
1884年柏林會議分餅仔嘅結果102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeoNBolpoC1
呢啲就係利奧波德二世外交嘅勝利喇
歐洲同剛果嘅面積對比圖102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡShmpVjejMZ
要留意因為麥卡托投影法102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdT77rrcOAp
距離赤道比較遠嘅歐洲102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjiMovi9F01
喺實際上會比地圖上細好多
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102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEa2ECVYouH
喺呢道要講少少葡萄牙之後嘅故事102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUOctnAWNSf
葡萄牙其實都有自己嘅盤算嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV5G1VthgyI
佢本身喺剛果西南嘅安哥拉102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDqB4y9d9aD
同東南嘅莫桑比克都有殖民地嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa4XOj6L2Wd
之前一路都只係沿住海岸捉啲黑鬼過巴西做奴隸種吓嘢咁102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaxopyuLcFe
自從巴西獨立冇咗條大財路後102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyhCghvyu7l
呢兩度佢都冇乜點理102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVEOEoWm7Wc
但喺19世紀中佢意識到102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkowJ3YgwCq
其實非洲內陸都有好多資源可以發展㗎喎102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZSkstq2Rb2
於是佢喺1860年代開始102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2QJAyOwJr4
實行重返非洲政策102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIggt7N48hs
開始諗吓點開發運用呢啲內陸地區102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfuiIZwPLay
卒之喺柏林會議佢就提出將兩笪地之間嘅內陸劃畀佢102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8VXSj4CM41
形成貫穿東西非連接大西洋同印度洋嘅走廊102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8aqCOOlcEs
葡萄牙嘅"粉紅地圖"
......102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjieUde7fnQ
你個打靶仔吖想叉隻脚落嚟玩過三關!?102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPjFMg8zsOZ
英國即刻拍住枱嚟屌102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2cHJUSNqIO
德國佬同法國佬就揞住個口嚟笑⋯⋯102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr8VbSsZvwL
「嗱葡萄牙你話你發現嗰度先所以係你嘅102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4miO4DE5oD
唔係話唔撐你102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnxszMw8RMd
睇住英國佬激到紮紮跳我地都好高興102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvsTqmi9CG2
不過而家嗰個區域一個葡萄牙佬都冇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTllmlMgumP
以前同你簽落協議嗰啲土著勢力又一早收晒皮喇102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXx7j6ixqcv
我地都好難做㗎喎102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsz9Nm2ZPbv
咁啦而家個大原則係你要有人管理嗰度102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbOtOoarkDm
或者同嗰度啲生番簽署返啲協議102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL4DoFkqQV1
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有時要贏唔一定要有實力102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc21RNxJPZq
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1890年1月11日英國無視柏林協議102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8nKrZBkFf6
向盟國葡萄牙發出最後通牒102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE2UiMhaO1m
要葡萄牙從安哥拉同莫桑比克中間嘅內陸地區撤軍⋯⋯102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIHdjF1VlWh
國恥呀，簡直係喪權辱國呀102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUtIDVCREtE
葡萄牙嘅共和派趁機坐大102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfk0Okz8Msd
廿年過後仲革命成功踢走埋國王建立共和102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqrpjYbziMZ
一個風生水起一個就連個王朝都冇埋102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVyrAZlqGGV
比利時同葡萄牙王室之間高下立見
102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYxKkg6IzVq
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...待續
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