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純粹係國策使然啫
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北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥131Please respect copyright.PENANAKM0zTuepYS
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殖民主義又從何談起呢?
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總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
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喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中131Please respect copyright.PENANAaq4xqwNTgN
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不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
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咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張131Please respect copyright.PENANALrLrEKpAGC
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就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
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呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權131Please respect copyright.PENANAejIxUKVreq
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民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務131Please respect copyright.PENANAOEknwRn3gZ
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要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
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畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦131Please respect copyright.PENANAwXuHV0eubA
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呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
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又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟131Please respect copyright.PENANAYPs5YqZpFe
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(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)131Please respect copyright.PENANANYZIt6Y3Lq
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最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸131Please respect copyright.PENANA30xQnDHluO
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家131Please respect copyright.PENANApyAbd7xp2j
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織131Please respect copyright.PENANAar6MZnksQB
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參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
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計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假131Please respect copyright.PENANABx7OIoaiOP
總共開咗104日131Please respect copyright.PENANAzJsgppB36m
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不過好快就會有改變
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關於第一個問題131Please respect copyright.PENANA1aivqqpXxT
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓131Please respect copyright.PENANA7xjG761xzT
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利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼131Please respect copyright.PENANACn0zMgFKwm
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對各國都有好處131Please respect copyright.PENANAj1LgHuwzVa
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作131Please respect copyright.PENANAR8S3tnO2f4
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫131Please respect copyright.PENANAd4I8ALbbSh
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就係咁131Please respect copyright.PENANAcryN3zYhkw
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯131Please respect copyright.PENANAffbfu6Bx9w
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不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇131Please respect copyright.PENANACdyxLZpcbK
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議131Please respect copyright.PENANAbciGNb12u0
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯131Please respect copyright.PENANApxp80F5wTJ
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先131Please respect copyright.PENANAW43Uqg3Fk4
唔使咁心急住131Please respect copyright.PENANABbJ7Hgve7h
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇131Please respect copyright.PENANAe8w4LEeQne
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撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河131Please respect copyright.PENANAYKmmtY7tyW
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道131Please respect copyright.PENANARvBJQt5dup
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題131Please respect copyright.PENANA3XoB5jQH7U
其實就相對簡單131Please respect copyright.PENANAjE7IkguyKk
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易131Please respect copyright.PENANAmhcLHcB1KT
所以航行自由係必須嘅131Please respect copyright.PENANAOqeNxK2jah
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地131Please respect copyright.PENANAfOkuzHVIVj
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益131Please respect copyright.PENANAWRg9YWPQP6
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯131Please respect copyright.PENANA8BmkmyKgRg
得得得你坐番低先131Please respect copyright.PENANA6VyVBqxnPl
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據131Please respect copyright.PENANAoHtbY0ZO5d
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題131Please respect copyright.PENANA6SNAxxsvUb
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法131Please respect copyright.PENANAhOLZtgyja4
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後131Please respect copyright.PENANALPF0KPnSJg
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔131Please respect copyright.PENANAGFlFIuIsjO
嗰度就歸佢131Please respect copyright.PENANASdBVsQvU9Y
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地131Please respect copyright.PENANARbCN2MQTwQ
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俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘131Please respect copyright.PENANAJ7L8mCDG4H
並顯示對當地有實質控制131Please respect copyright.PENANArhTzilyxdd
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等131Please respect copyright.PENANA1xXtT0vGbP
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國131Please respect copyright.PENANAn5pmOaFdCb
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增131Please respect copyright.PENANAPM27mvqu1q
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅131Please respect copyright.PENANAaKw3IcVcoQ
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目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國131Please respect copyright.PENANA1Ohc1tCnoe
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場131Please respect copyright.PENANAqWq42KZrtl
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上131Please respect copyright.PENANAa9q00qJi9i
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅131Please respect copyright.PENANApjdVKboWRZ
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外131Please respect copyright.PENANAysnpbjWCTz
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地131Please respect copyright.PENANA5va8W6OjPp
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地131Please respect copyright.PENANAyulHZVj4G5
都劃晒畀佢131Please respect copyright.PENANACFmYi5ol8r
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊131Please respect copyright.PENANAYQRtoZLZqh
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表131Please respect copyright.PENANA2q1tq9DWRu
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇131Please respect copyright.PENANAExMPBhdsEk
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話131Please respect copyright.PENANAK56vZtWjr7
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦131Please respect copyright.PENANAxD6bzyC27L
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?131Please respect copyright.PENANAC0dC7uVIBQ
唔係㗎嘛131Please respect copyright.PENANA4jKNsAcbmn
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制131Please respect copyright.PENANAzD5TUaFsoT
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度131Please respect copyright.PENANAVi3hpjRhOb
以剛果河口為例131Please respect copyright.PENANA5WVJrAm4ZW
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制131Please respect copyright.PENANAJIPI2NefoX
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件131Please respect copyright.PENANAMCrCO2Gazu
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎131Please respect copyright.PENANAuMsVvljbBL
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會131Please respect copyright.PENANA257ojfl0T0
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉131Please respect copyright.PENANAOQgmBys9DF
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議131Please respect copyright.PENANAkimzcSdCuq
支持佢爭取剛果河口131Please respect copyright.PENANAsScVVOMrwE
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面131Please respect copyright.PENANA51a1sMZEne
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒131Please respect copyright.PENANA0fl3cZsqbC
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話131Please respect copyright.PENANAd5yLYXY69E
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜131Please respect copyright.PENANAo2ERZpZW2N
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”131Please respect copyright.PENANALq2j8xNk9v
是為非洲版過三關131Please respect copyright.PENANAqgNSBSr7GN
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難131Please respect copyright.PENANAHzUTdfkmCL
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話131Please respect copyright.PENANAKn5HRCci5i
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”131Please respect copyright.PENANAbq49ibGYmO
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話131Please respect copyright.PENANAAka8MlxK9h
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友131Please respect copyright.PENANAhxry23BjFp
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己131Please respect copyright.PENANA5APKnnlB3h
轉向支持國際剛果協會131Please respect copyright.PENANAK1ZRj4uMDf
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口131Please respect copyright.PENANA94Ptk7ujDU
獲得完全嘅外交勝利131Please respect copyright.PENANATIUU3HXYZp
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割131Please respect copyright.PENANAVpOqHKCXvX
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土131Please respect copyright.PENANAWhGEWdXgZY
自始成為一塊飛地131Please respect copyright.PENANAJbu15RVfuN往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判131Please respect copyright.PENANAaB6N3S3UX8
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈131Please respect copyright.PENANAdhdT3uMtL8
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦131Please respect copyright.PENANAhSuqvDAbL7
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞131Please respect copyright.PENANAA5gMjLEqT7
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦131Please respect copyright.PENANALUUzZ39jWs
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等131Please respect copyright.PENANAoViO31lCfO
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生131Please respect copyright.PENANA6qH7YIYjXY
冇錯131Please respect copyright.PENANAI9TxrOaR0F
唔只你地131Please respect copyright.PENANAWN1qoLnEZM
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜131Please respect copyright.PENANAsWAclnwuCj
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言131Please respect copyright.PENANAYL6kiA9PJz
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」131Please respect copyright.PENANAM46hUUbi9I
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地131Please respect copyright.PENANAtr9twHTGIz
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割131Please respect copyright.PENANAGhi4OHB9oR
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益131Please respect copyright.PENANA2qe3akTtXn
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼131Please respect copyright.PENANA5UQMRyoBfH
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦131Please respect copyright.PENANAid62p73FDP
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅131Please respect copyright.PENANAEUDZQU3EcS
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界131Please respect copyright.PENANAtbHQGNcVTP
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊131Please respect copyright.PENANAZc2CN7Hyrl
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家131Please respect copyright.PENANAQv1nn0dc6R
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭131Please respect copyright.PENANAqIyZGyTzOY
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併131Please respect copyright.PENANAfuqoCITSmq
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動131Please respect copyright.PENANAB5dUUgoB4Q
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機131Please respect copyright.PENANA6gKuXIPwtn
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事131Please respect copyright.PENANAOnxCTsydgQ
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講131Please respect copyright.PENANAFNfTHedU5M
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到131Please respect copyright.PENANAn3cu0qsHXi
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割131Please respect copyright.PENANAewTA1U4CTQ
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇131Please respect copyright.PENANAGt0UM4BIQN
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”131Please respect copyright.PENANAkJCOcPeXdx
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸131Please respect copyright.PENANAFg7WHgNLjA
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”131Please respect copyright.PENANAjwAVtswlse
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”131Please respect copyright.PENANAJJWRHx8ZR2
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地131Please respect copyright.PENANAAadwpMvHhJ
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區131Please respect copyright.PENANAsX2rMHX9I1
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部131Please respect copyright.PENANAo9sjMQVZty
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地131Please respect copyright.PENANA4PQ18LyiCC
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講131Please respect copyright.PENANACEAT6qJ9Ne
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先131Please respect copyright.PENANAj7GxMxzXrW
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦131Please respect copyright.PENANAxR3RJBdqyT
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵131Please respect copyright.PENANASpi1Yhl5YY
不過喺嗰時131Please respect copyright.PENANAjejl60F5LP
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架131Please respect copyright.PENANAnjbjet9swU
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕131Please respect copyright.PENANAyfb0GdwV2U
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中131Please respect copyright.PENANA1pkfqFo5oa
一步步拆解分岐131Please respect copyright.PENANAV7jvZpHjY0
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案131Please respect copyright.PENANAuVrQJXLwod
唔使動輒就要打要殺131Please respect copyright.PENANAMj3FyuiTjM
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸131Please respect copyright.PENANAdOKIgzJbfv
以發展佢嘅經濟131Please respect copyright.PENANA7II6cGUKB1
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士131Please respect copyright.PENANA8YyqsbEKIU
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體131Please respect copyright.PENANAIMDqhjBbSo
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅131Please respect copyright.PENANAvBH8I67YWP
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲131Please respect copyright.PENANAyIv0DO66aQ
終究有落幕嘅一日131Please respect copyright.PENANAVTQn3azuZG
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時131Please respect copyright.PENANAphaOJOS2Zk
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡131Please respect copyright.PENANArFX3iKa7qa
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇131Please respect copyright.PENANAyKijhesHyo
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶131Please respect copyright.PENANATNChs4oXLU
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦131Please respect copyright.PENANAnOokBG7Er7
1890年3月22號131Please respect copyright.PENANAauCRZ2WZ4x
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由131Please respect copyright.PENANATcfD4cXfmw
迫令佢辭職131Please respect copyright.PENANAyXeQcoHzJq
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台131Please respect copyright.PENANA3rOxZI7g6g
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解131Please respect copyright.PENANAwGLIgYQcxk
對列強嚟講131Please respect copyright.PENANAarTRFlGvBA
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴131Please respect copyright.PENANAI2sg3Nojp3
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈131Please respect copyright.PENANAoLSLRcpIfB
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾131Please respect copyright.PENANAMDjpblP5V1
最終走向大戰⋯⋯131Please respect copyright.PENANAxiFSDbEXOT
有時不禁會諗131Please respect copyright.PENANAh71o1ekEaq
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎131Please respect copyright.PENANAZaYDgUiT4M
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國131Please respect copyright.PENANAAwPA1FQHf4
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對131Please respect copyright.PENANAd02JJvlG64
歷史會唔會改寫呢?131Please respect copyright.PENANAs6A8Bz1tua
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?131Please respect copyright.PENANA2peKyismEy共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?131Please respect copyright.PENANAQ84ziUhbDu
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我131Please respect copyright.PENANAvorM5oMfOW
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
131Please respect copyright.PENANAzLJe4nO1Xz
-完-
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