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德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒138Please respect copyright.PENANAWp3vT2L8mi
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍138Please respect copyright.PENANAxHEUX8eC2x
規模實在太細138Please respect copyright.PENANA1dNrq5Hv1X
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展138Please respect copyright.PENANAZzotTN8UGD
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊138Please respect copyright.PENANAJYvG5gqwDX
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指138Please respect copyright.PENANAJLufKCIlRM
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號138Please respect copyright.PENANAVkiGnrbSpH
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純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展138Please respect copyright.PENANAFTSijGhrO2
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭138Please respect copyright.PENANAaISAwwBXA4
例如喺1867年尾138Please respect copyright.PENANA9b4cezMxZ5
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥138Please respect copyright.PENANA62cnS64Wn2
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港138Please respect copyright.PENANAx3ixK84UVT
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停138Please respect copyright.PENANAN27b7fRj51
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國138Please respect copyright.PENANAg75aNgjmlL
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)138Please respect copyright.PENANA9YjDIgkFf3
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚138Please respect copyright.PENANABqZNmzFQyQ
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國138Please respect copyright.PENANADqLxUZkIzI
以德國個地理位置138Please respect copyright.PENANATefmM4hLzI
發展遠洋艦隊138Please respect copyright.PENANAenmXaNkY8h
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源138Please respect copyright.PENANAEXwMVpgQ3l
冇強大嘅海軍138Please respect copyright.PENANA0wULQVvHyZ
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人138Please respect copyright.PENANAfHcCQEODjy
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦138Please respect copyright.PENANAMp6EkBPas7
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往138Please respect copyright.PENANAZvN5eRAHru
喺1860年代中期開始138Please respect copyright.PENANAq7DN6EWnKb
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後138Please respect copyright.PENANAgLjBXHmgE7
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情138Please respect copyright.PENANAuF020rpYdb
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團138Please respect copyright.PENANAXNwpY3Ou2g
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傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國138Please respect copyright.PENANAHXlFo9iy9Q
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國138Please respect copyright.PENANASgT3Wusoqf
因為有國家機器加持138Please respect copyright.PENANAkoYKKtLB5d
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦138Please respect copyright.PENANAXiO3ff0Of2
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇138Please respect copyright.PENANARNVAQ9zdX8
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中138Please respect copyright.PENANAYaozA8XV4Q
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動138Please respect copyright.PENANA1JHJqDDj0H
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好138Please respect copyright.PENANAAJgZ0OkKPT
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場138Please respect copyright.PENANAvg9j7YtJU0
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦138Please respect copyright.PENANAzbNNx5xzhH
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後138Please respect copyright.PENANAnJhwGrIBTG
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟138Please respect copyright.PENANAUlrIOKwJdm
而德奧意三國同盟138Please respect copyright.PENANAzway1F37nr
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為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎138Please respect copyright.PENANAadTCMoQaqP
至少係表面上啦138Please respect copyright.PENANA7z1LAdbSTZ
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄138Please respect copyright.PENANAUijYZwBkgd
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇138Please respect copyright.PENANA27Y8AcYQpN
另一方面138Please respect copyright.PENANAO3NTkUMnjs
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易138Please respect copyright.PENANAHE3F0dbAae
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點138Please respect copyright.PENANAmQmPD4ftw6
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上138Please respect copyright.PENANA09nIVGwjnA
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同138Please respect copyright.PENANAB3g02m0tMt
呢啲殖民地爭議138Please respect copyright.PENANA5f7wfqUmfL
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫138Please respect copyright.PENANAvU76UXOMKA
德國要參與其中138Please respect copyright.PENANAhmZPz35ggz
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話138Please respect copyright.PENANAfamGP6pI7u
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠138Please respect copyright.PENANA11ssyJg5rX
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手138Please respect copyright.PENANAV8eiRdMIiX
先可以埋枱玩138Please respect copyright.PENANAi0cQP1Bhdx
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張138Please respect copyright.PENANAPtbkaziZ8B
喺1880年尾開始138Please respect copyright.PENANA4MIYg610Mb
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構138Please respect copyright.PENANAePzSgxFNMa
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見138Please respect copyright.PENANAn38jymwMml
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀138Please respect copyright.PENANAqNHh5nj3q5
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;138Please respect copyright.PENANAqiOxw9VeG8
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅138Please respect copyright.PENANAM69xj0AIjc
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔138Please respect copyright.PENANAC8NRgU58NO
於是德國喺一年間138Please respect copyright.PENANAO1GtLgZJlS
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁138Please respect copyright.PENANAwf7uBR2EF0
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫138Please respect copyright.PENANAKAH7dC1VTF
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度138Please respect copyright.PENANAT7p2kTdZdK
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權138Please respect copyright.PENANAiAzvUDj1Ap
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫138Please respect copyright.PENANA1u3jE8ILDj
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇138Please respect copyright.PENANACSGWfZ1P8Y
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅138Please respect copyright.PENANAPe2GJLG9tz
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話138Please respect copyright.PENANA51PCSKjwyx
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務138Please respect copyright.PENANAzOrBEC1wGS
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店138Please respect copyright.PENANA4Z0khcMe95
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上138Please respect copyright.PENANARSDhr9gxI3
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅138Please respect copyright.PENANAB9LX6d2bCU
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國138Please respect copyright.PENANA2my3DBKgQT
而係啲私人企業138Please respect copyright.PENANAIRyNlPh7HF
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦138Please respect copyright.PENANAidb9yae3Mb
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇138Please respect copyright.PENANAYqYyJerVi8
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大138Please respect copyright.PENANAqB7KFcoP2d
佢要嘅效果138Please respect copyright.PENANAZeXpt5HNWG
就係用最低成本138Please respect copyright.PENANAZNQrjQONN6
令德國喺短時間內138Please respect copyright.PENANAaRp3wE4vk9
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地138Please respect copyright.PENANAifLv5e9kLy
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽138Please respect copyright.PENANAjpFgv3UdpQ
德國作為老三要做嘅138Please respect copyright.PENANA0uvjkrna24
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力138Please respect copyright.PENANAb1QDuRrZjr
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗138Please respect copyright.PENANAxQt0ax4IJC
自己喺歐陸先會安穩138Please respect copyright.PENANALADyPAsFwJ
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇138Please respect copyright.PENANAcAinOZhjk5
而家就爭咁張賭枱138Please respect copyright.PENANA55DKHgYnT9
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合138Please respect copyright.PENANADjd2gl12L6
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中138Please respect copyright.PENANAMH3chgigO6
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議138Please respect copyright.PENANADsM9lEMLFX
有越演越烈嘅趨勢138Please respect copyright.PENANANgvo1XH9fU
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙138Please respect copyright.PENANAeBpBd9TJI2
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟138Please respect copyright.PENANAFXdpZa4x4x
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議138Please respect copyright.PENANAlQSlDbXzZG
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地138Please respect copyright.PENANA7ARwnbqlKT
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)138Please respect copyright.PENANAQrOjluCd1D
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整138Please respect copyright.PENANAFrKj9leg7n
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點138Please respect copyright.PENANAA6AvXTCrGf
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你138Please respect copyright.PENANAuq3lNLnEd9
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟138Please respect copyright.PENANA2WClwjTdbf
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓138Please respect copyright.PENANAkNsr3Ii54S
都紛紛嚮應138Please respect copyright.PENANAAMOwM7c5yd
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸138Please respect copyright.PENANABwwunV157o
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家138Please respect copyright.PENANAdizCYoBZ31
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織138Please respect copyright.PENANAtBPB6h9CEB
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)138Please respect copyright.PENANAA3z80ZZkZC
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別138Please respect copyright.PENANAjMJzEulSFe
嗰時冇飛機138Please respect copyright.PENANA9ZhZRm2Pzo
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會138Please respect copyright.PENANALd7t0n6NbC
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事138Please respect copyright.PENANA5w7DFwHqXU
好似上次柏林會議138Please respect copyright.PENANA6iOCebvMMi
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人138Please respect copyright.PENANAFbIEANWOS2
相反今次嚟開會嘅138Please respect copyright.PENANA5DK5H04Rq3
都係各國駐柏林大使138Please respect copyright.PENANAyuehLMmD94
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅138Please respect copyright.PENANAk62JYRyohF
每當要決定某啲事務時138Please respect copyright.PENANADfFGRPtATQ
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首138Please respect copyright.PENANAjoh8XQPzov
所以個會都拖到幾長吓138Please respect copyright.PENANAEXAUaOrxMy
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假138Please respect copyright.PENANA9XftYfvwU3
總共開咗104日138Please respect copyright.PENANANynEI7R8Xe
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結138Please respect copyright.PENANATmYaV0hfVy
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)138Please respect copyright.PENANA9bn3aHRD90
咁從側面反映138Please respect copyright.PENANAPtxXMQFlEG
喺嗰時對各國嚟講138Please respect copyright.PENANAx2OJ5fUD0P
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大138Please respect copyright.PENANATgwmyJYrW1
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:138Please respect copyright.PENANAyRrtwQVhr6
1)剛果盆地歸屬138Please respect copyright.PENANAIQKkkO55sT
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權138Please respect copyright.PENANAPXe2KasT31
3)何謂“有效佔據”138Please respect copyright.PENANAUENlqspnSx
關於第一個問題138Please respect copyright.PENANAKBJ9376obY
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓138Please respect copyright.PENANArhPQtczAdl
我就唔係呢度重覆喇138Please respect copyright.PENANAcFGrmEZLK4
簡單重溫吓138Please respect copyright.PENANAKY3uQp6p29
當時各國已經知道138Please respect copyright.PENANAVoFkBaVIgl
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼138Please respect copyright.PENANAWxSJHUyzC5
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇138Please respect copyright.PENANAQKvKKdZ1jb
不過基於勢力平衡關係138Please respect copyright.PENANAtfvvEMRvtb
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地138Please respect copyright.PENANA6TxlcTc4q1
對各國都有好處138Please respect copyright.PENANAEQqTzCvUBW
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作138Please respect copyright.PENANAiS777OlQFa
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫138Please respect copyright.PENANAEwoobqYnHt
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果138Please respect copyright.PENANAkbWAEMV5db
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸138Please respect copyright.PENANAyc6EbHQBiY
而北岸就歸法國所有138Please respect copyright.PENANA7SnMLkwh0o
就係咁138Please respect copyright.PENANAlLXQfcgCgJ
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯138Please respect copyright.PENANABjN5dmJXrM
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先138Please respect copyright.PENANA8IGVWNjqrc
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議138Please respect copyright.PENANAP81G2La2pR
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇138Please respect copyright.PENANAfOqfRymBDX
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議138Please respect copyright.PENANAnrHgwp81Ff
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯138Please respect copyright.PENANANuEKiC3Eq7
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先138Please respect copyright.PENANAcacK1zxAbe
唔使咁心急住138Please respect copyright.PENANAvBpqYnFKhl
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇138Please respect copyright.PENANANsreELBK8J
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題138Please respect copyright.PENANA769ydWJPx3
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河138Please respect copyright.PENANAYLJJmjNKpm
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道138Please respect copyright.PENANAsLreaoi8nN
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題138Please respect copyright.PENANA5YtDgQpv0K
其實就相對簡單138Please respect copyright.PENANAYNq6yuyR5F
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易138Please respect copyright.PENANAjzby2VOxLa
所以航行自由係必須嘅138Please respect copyright.PENANAd8oP1WH2z6
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地138Please respect copyright.PENANANQGjqdaZiC
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益138Please respect copyright.PENANAOzSyBIWj9w
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯138Please respect copyright.PENANAEplql12afV
得得得你坐番低先138Please respect copyright.PENANA1KnHMvSkTE
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據138Please respect copyright.PENANAr4EphTZTFU
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題138Please respect copyright.PENANAPfkLEjeYDr
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法138Please respect copyright.PENANAK3T0AWkexK
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後138Please respect copyright.PENANAwiOdkVyAXb
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔138Please respect copyright.PENANAbh8pOCQtcE
嗰度就歸佢138Please respect copyright.PENANAvAQjbVUgP7
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地138Please respect copyright.PENANAMN8NKZ8Du0
對後來者其實相當唔公平138Please respect copyright.PENANA4El8Sd5KPA
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘138Please respect copyright.PENANAnnHcPJIEGf
並顯示對當地有實質控制138Please respect copyright.PENANAiww1J124Le
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等138Please respect copyright.PENANArBAtzVAhA0
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咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增138Please respect copyright.PENANACQAmfIBgo9
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就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上138Please respect copyright.PENANAVPN1rxIUgd
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅138Please respect copyright.PENANAZ7Zh7oKdkT
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仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地138Please respect copyright.PENANAdxdN9YO8My
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都劃晒畀佢138Please respect copyright.PENANAo0y9INnTtE
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊138Please respect copyright.PENANA7HV7tXnG9q
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表138Please respect copyright.PENANAy7ViQyLpAZ
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇138Please respect copyright.PENANAuumqcM292y
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話138Please respect copyright.PENANAU1ijWF6RzI
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大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?138Please respect copyright.PENANAitQTCXwJXQ
唔係㗎嘛138Please respect copyright.PENANAS11QgPytzV
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制138Please respect copyright.PENANAD85pPc542Y
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度138Please respect copyright.PENANAdOrb3fIloB
以剛果河口為例138Please respect copyright.PENANAKRfFc2h4Wd
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制138Please respect copyright.PENANAEmWjC4hTlE
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件138Please respect copyright.PENANA4N7aSdOXyw
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎138Please respect copyright.PENANAZ7eqBkqii4
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會138Please respect copyright.PENANAX1AYDTkucO
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉138Please respect copyright.PENANAmqZvE8sdoW
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議138Please respect copyright.PENANAJJzw2IZ3Ow
支持佢爭取剛果河口138Please respect copyright.PENANAz8hdKM6AeJ
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面138Please respect copyright.PENANAP3QfKhhqfY
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒138Please respect copyright.PENANApOIzJUv4VL
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話138Please respect copyright.PENANAmCm82Ckr6a
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜138Please respect copyright.PENANASA9oy97ktN
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”138Please respect copyright.PENANAZTCGwlWZsY
是為非洲版過三關138Please respect copyright.PENANA7NUoT3cKsH
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難138Please respect copyright.PENANAvxcg3CjOEy
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話138Please respect copyright.PENANA14FRCqkxvX
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”138Please respect copyright.PENANAh6USw09GqA
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話138Please respect copyright.PENANA1nRZYYK9jq
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友138Please respect copyright.PENANAc7cDYgXDl7
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己138Please respect copyright.PENANAKnWpmNXtME
轉向支持國際剛果協會138Please respect copyright.PENANAsv8OUP9pGe
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口138Please respect copyright.PENANAy2FWKsVdqK
獲得完全嘅外交勝利138Please respect copyright.PENANAI8k22cm0O2
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割138Please respect copyright.PENANAxmF2K3XxaK
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土138Please respect copyright.PENANAMYuW3MmMSO
自始成為一塊飛地138Please respect copyright.PENANAK7AElMpVbv往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判138Please respect copyright.PENANA0xdbHq56BN
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈138Please respect copyright.PENANAn3BK3b6lD1
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦138Please respect copyright.PENANAKdPPSmLFwI
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以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦138Please respect copyright.PENANArLab56Gg2p
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等138Please respect copyright.PENANAvPjhwy7uUo
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生138Please respect copyright.PENANAIwtDQCMAcT
冇錯138Please respect copyright.PENANAGfWBWGkv8H
唔只你地138Please respect copyright.PENANAR3QMIdMaYU
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜138Please respect copyright.PENANAICuYUUZ652
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言138Please respect copyright.PENANAjFppvA637s
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」138Please respect copyright.PENANAnlNkJhnWbn
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地138Please respect copyright.PENANAtfQuuXNye7
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割138Please respect copyright.PENANAD6s9Z0QBij
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益138Please respect copyright.PENANAY1YaQvO0RI
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼138Please respect copyright.PENANAJLrwhHUrLh
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦138Please respect copyright.PENANAxYcLp1tKz8
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅138Please respect copyright.PENANAKlHMKmmkHS
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界138Please respect copyright.PENANA0UZ85iTxBz
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊138Please respect copyright.PENANA14BvBYjkAZ
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咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭138Please respect copyright.PENANAktmMeXDmbx
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併138Please respect copyright.PENANAubrYr9yPQM
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動138Please respect copyright.PENANAr9SYpLUo0n
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機138Please respect copyright.PENANAlJXwTBk0pT
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又點會理會同預料到呢
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非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
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呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割138Please respect copyright.PENANAy52GpqDaY0
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇138Please respect copyright.PENANAdOnQ3PyEST
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”138Please respect copyright.PENANAM75zmBA0BS
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸138Please respect copyright.PENANAZzIDP8LWsq
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
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意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”138Please respect copyright.PENANAK9Dcfnt5I4
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地138Please respect copyright.PENANAMZ6TXqUmVm
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
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4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部138Please respect copyright.PENANA6txYhYkvCC
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地138Please respect copyright.PENANAljM3G9Kiad
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講138Please respect copyright.PENANACIVKiBTHGK
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先138Please respect copyright.PENANAxFBI9ja6es
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦138Please respect copyright.PENANAQzxrOPF3TI
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵138Please respect copyright.PENANADiG99JxH3o
不過喺嗰時138Please respect copyright.PENANAy1MKMxfchA
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架138Please respect copyright.PENANAz087hG6X4Q
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕138Please respect copyright.PENANAV2pmqIZAAg
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一步步拆解分岐138Please respect copyright.PENANAqh4EnEcekT
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案138Please respect copyright.PENANAb57hED24ha
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目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸138Please respect copyright.PENANAhpFG2IKoSJ
以發展佢嘅經濟138Please respect copyright.PENANA8ejMO0RWfY
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士138Please respect copyright.PENANAis9qyfYUKD
可以話係有今生冇來世
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就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅138Please respect copyright.PENANATMqw1abN2E
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲138Please respect copyright.PENANAlwT3fjC957
終究有落幕嘅一日138Please respect copyright.PENANAfXd9fYltZR
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時138Please respect copyright.PENANAgeOf8ZJZuD
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡138Please respect copyright.PENANAlKXFGgTQhl
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇138Please respect copyright.PENANAUz6ItmLTtO
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶138Please respect copyright.PENANAnQeW1KNy5s
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦138Please respect copyright.PENANAt9eb8cz5cQ
1890年3月22號138Please respect copyright.PENANAONl7D7bVv8
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由138Please respect copyright.PENANA5UpoxnutRY
迫令佢辭職138Please respect copyright.PENANADe0WJw7XIv
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威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解138Please respect copyright.PENANAZpIJPhfeWf
對列強嚟講138Please respect copyright.PENANAL5cEeeD79X
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而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈138Please respect copyright.PENANADOpgrJPjUN
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾138Please respect copyright.PENANAkO3JmrizT9
最終走向大戰⋯⋯138Please respect copyright.PENANAPwFu6w2HE4
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最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎138Please respect copyright.PENANAXPCS1HP2nw
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國138Please respect copyright.PENANAS4Hj60gDvy
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對138Please respect copyright.PENANArDXLyRDQxz
歷史會唔會改寫呢?138Please respect copyright.PENANAkgBcAFyIkG
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?138Please respect copyright.PENANATJBpVZqPMR共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?138Please respect copyright.PENANAp8IFmpT1jz
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我138Please respect copyright.PENANAuW2AQqiKDK
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
138Please respect copyright.PENANAvsD8ViBZUb
-完-
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