x
好喇而家就講埋俾斯麥點解要開切餅大會117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbumujzT6nj
正如上面所講117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6fSFXANhZT
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYsr1VSpxvu
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOmy92hpcDi
規模實在太細117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ22Cj8iIPbP
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO7akznY6Ku
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf1scIuG197
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCbyFwyKWUT
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIfqKCYu1ds
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFcrx0QM3Eb
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrKIE1hyAlI
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPScMOcPWZ3
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq78AbykWkS
例如喺1867年尾117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfXwqO6Sd0y
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4FSTA5OMMr
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR52MW5Gpg7
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY7FSO1Dsbn
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrdLxeVwJMs
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb5QwCghoKV
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRNdgZIqwkD
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn4DzgTSkdP
以德國個地理位置117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU5rokcaCc0
發展遠洋艦隊117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrAzuJPAw4S
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6NUD5FO1yN
冇強大嘅海軍117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsykoaSC6lu
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT3qy0VYZON
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrH629Z3GOn
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV5dCgiDV2E
喺1860年代中期開始117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI1yLPUqzqW
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa6ZZHRsObB
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEAXSLbj7t5
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlXIXOFELD8
諗住入去分一杯羹117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX9MTBveA9a
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCXUtymItRQ
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡglSFJtdtAy
因為有國家機器加持117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpxW9N7Y0qS
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMPBZAVED9E
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvVYQyKP6li
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGCGE0yRPTE
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA2lYyGnOgy
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBW3adasvC7
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYHfNILuceF
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtvJBH6gTkw
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIO7uOXgjAY
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpUrFBC3ZLk
而德奧意三國同盟117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN8yQfBFSsT
以及三帝同盟續期117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7bbCZm3lKw
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlKYqLL7FKL
至少係表面上啦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqxUdRS9G6i
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGhwFvgnWX0
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVTsbn3Xu6f
另一方面117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB6JnUUQHSI
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu3YbDHavZK
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYPb6z61bfb
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWmfXjGxL5j
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ75CEkHhjeu
呢啲殖民地爭議117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS7VAAOpBek
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqhnkYbYJhS
德國要參與其中117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIZdAgIcGWs
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg39Z8tzpsv
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1cEwgoZhDo
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1M2mrUHn0z
先可以埋枱玩117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOHYp2zQ9PH
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡplLfkdLOdq
喺1880年尾開始117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbM9IU2DU6e
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbPLsEcg2hB
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP1pYdcDuGp
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8FHHD5bFXS
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲（納米比亞）；7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆；117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrKjxjJOwkZ
1885年2月-德屬東非（坦桑尼亞）；4月-肯雅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvseodjVyV7
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ64Whe0Q1QY
於是德國喺一年間117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3TZ7bDUtpg
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwDxHo1FFhr
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvjWstoV10f
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhZilt5UoEv
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYN6vw1KvlJ
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUj78YRzXIM
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKJ9yzwPj0r
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhXKCXXygfR
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqr6bp3gvAA
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡanVrRbUHf4
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMs2aUXgcAd
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwuFSHJ2GHc
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlHPsz5Sa8B
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl1RwKHfPAC
而係啲私人企業117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJd667Dt9yI
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWeouogGEb8
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5hQ1KS1UAj
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEGasxz0f3d
佢要嘅效果117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJpONqITHij
就係用最低成本117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡafmJ8GhyDb
令德國喺短時間內117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡasaO30kpAh
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvtgrAoOmPS
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6QbndUozey
德國作為老三要做嘅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlyBXKxwxct
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeNIKrNZ9ZL
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLpSIyz52X8
自己喺歐陸先會安穩117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqRDkokJUY2
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1WISj6EmHF
而家就爭咁張賭枱117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBKC3HERNse
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd4gZ49l9Cj
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKKxqMzEvXi
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhq0bbdJyth
有越演越烈嘅趨勢117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7Zgv8p7cU6
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuP0ZbTHTMe
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡySABRECiSp
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ81aXBPyN8T
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHpsdotuzdy
（即現今安哥拉，詳情請參閱第二集）117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEMki9LgXen
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwaLCAdHNei
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCPVYY97VlM
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZqlUCNRKMC
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY7ZltAa5Ht
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1iiaSUGzmB
都紛紛嚮應117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ66NozrgJN4
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ48sDgcY6j1
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNrXo2R2IQ1
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYNCDoChL7F
（比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加）117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtQROIgwiGd
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡioa8Z2ZAmL
嗰時冇飛機117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMg3OySLiSr
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGwRWvgiMVQ
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeqOb2lR28j
好似上次柏林會議117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQqbmSRub0E
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV59H3LoNV5
相反今次嚟開會嘅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHWNdlnfTQ8
都係各國駐柏林大使117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpYTlh5yGje
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrEM6OZgHku
每當要決定某啲事務時117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIu8DGHLIs4
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSPbRb31jcN
所以個會都拖到幾長吓117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEiUPYnDG2N
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnZpxoPEkvZ
總共開咗104日117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡosEJ1YT7XZ
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX4Co4QtY0e
（對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月）117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdRIeMv6Ioc
咁從側面反映117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQMF0xmQJh2
喺嗰時對各國嚟講117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeH33bIcqES
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG8QI7hJQfA
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有：117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6aN3uOAszB
1)剛果盆地歸屬117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoxIFvsQLzK
2)兩大水系（尼日河同剛果河）航權117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtlD5npfmu7
3)何謂“有效佔據”117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6466x7tCvf
關於第一個問題117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRBpa8bzkAu
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ421Z6f6HmL
我就唔係呢度重覆喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1jeAmrCuHF
簡單重溫吓117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvrqsIwmFG1
當時各國已經知道117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2mPbZez5d8
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgLjWCM50v1
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOenUlgFQrD
不過基於勢力平衡關係117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwp9w2zHa9W
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwVWO49PIMH
對各國都有好處117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqNXIgHvMeS
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaszbUap6oT
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrjo4YJlMPc
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSihDprPt6k
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkteFCm0BtR
而北岸就歸法國所有117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmtSgOrugtQ
就係咁117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ06nLop6OkM
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1sBp2p6M5X
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB1c8pRYncZ
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYf3OctNjt0
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrr6bEkWikb
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVDf4qdZa0z
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO7NRCbvUxN
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbabJbCVVXv
唔使咁心急住117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1UMGiOD55t
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNCE7mya6my
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjOzBhSAk4p
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhws13YSvcz
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAsDU1PQmhA
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO6RC71NIzX
其實就相對簡單117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOd2uJqQTZr
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZe478aSiId
所以航行自由係必須嘅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE2rRhr1bv0
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4ApWg1urpr
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWpGnz9LWar
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9fx57u38Sb
得得得你坐番低先117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBiT3hvQ3jt
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJeZnlgTzgg
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9ETZIdqyF6
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnGszATvbDi
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8xljwfIsnu
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS7COpZTeQA
嗰度就歸佢117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYu96kTmXP9
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuj2cwWFuJR
對後來者其實相當唔公平117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsCMSKf00ry
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuLzitSnEg8
並顯示對當地有實質控制117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDUznbqQvdV
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgQAxEvLPjm
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwIftFUxY4P
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyNWKf4h38k
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqdFHANXIOq
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJqjRkeXBuz
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqv2dITzgTY
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡseIG0glEpn
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8nLko3X574
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPIq6vqneIV
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlp1Qp6ouv5
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4aSghq967Q
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡakaLUwZUXk
都劃晒畀佢117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbmiIdvZvze
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF8Xdc3e90O
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtV1nE3bJFr
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu84cWR0Trm
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHAYCt80m6e
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCQZUam89Yz
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDs6XLcYCMw
唔係㗎嘛117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl0pX6Bh22A
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqPMmG3toXV
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR19aLsvC9X
以剛果河口為例117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSpA47w1d4X
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuQmyT4dKEZ
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh8Oy2R9QRd
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡex94K8vWeS
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo664gmGsLc
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU7sadpWBls
大家有冇異議?
本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIRg0QMTJqA
支持佢爭取剛果河口117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkaxoSPX3uA
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4w1UqFINl9
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6k6pF3wpf9
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡluXNCAf3Ik
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZA6epaAwpw
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO1bO8VVUE7
是為非洲版過三關117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIxGYGEtn4n
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT0JolvW1ab
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR9f9ZJNCEG
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡatecUeRDPd
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWx80Gewiz8
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡngGrPkMcWj
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeaGaJKuhZc
轉向支持國際剛果協會117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPMfuxoTVGc
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFvsq2yjPxO
獲得完全嘅外交勝利117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡifnUS0RQbH
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4SHk8Cvbx
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrgselTeTaZ
自始成為一塊飛地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgovpnAAY2D往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqf3gDYbFyZ
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTHjwlN3GDR
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWBMXCjvI3P
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh1zRpKp4oZ
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3lo9hr7DwG
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXkaDVjGLyO
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx9vpfql37H
冇錯117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgiygIDmLCp
唔只你地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJPw4VD6nRS
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtAcGK55Kp4
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfK0wGatmKR
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地，實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7Kty02FdRK
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn2CERtGH9w
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJJjkM2DBXA
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVor3ejwAo3
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGXsBenDEW4
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpSn6rKgFKZ
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtX2GxZENv4
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2PIQcxBcVB
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE4J7Ztsudd
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrZgn5CIYVU
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh8AW0HTAH4
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF9Ls4IcVzR
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKtMlCnThpk
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoNkPEqqsId
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN80tqHbguS
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1fOtPKoN9g
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNFunQ7oG0E
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjmOyh4qkFf
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFPu9oOUbr7
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOQYUL1ZiHm
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMzYBbgVhKA
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOyIaj8VkvW
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8Jhtndymas
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqM0eltPkBh
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2G55xsUh9a
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIutv8Q7GYe
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8nUuwHm1i8
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOGRrwxJg3W
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxOD44QTuJN
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVDSDmAZbfd
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ70KVzWQwez
不過喺嗰時117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHPRdUoxstm
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAA1oUrNs8S
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG2ERt3QXWY
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPaZeYhSbup
一步步拆解分岐117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIV5LX0wZ2M
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡacxCZUv6OK
唔使動輒就要打要殺117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHbtjazfzep
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgvEIAI3hwM
以發展佢嘅經濟117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyegv6BM3PC
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpRTMExXa1D
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiHFsVvVr5q
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpBhlSC25YS
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC3fJz49i3r
終究有落幕嘅一日117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8cOaTJCVdz
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRmpXEuy9Zn
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQzRDX41pBz
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxV42JePuNK
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1IZSJu9Ztd
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtIbxWe6ArL
1890年3月22號117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt56kCPsKmR
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVKc4C9wcp2
迫令佢辭職117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4IKfGOYGiS
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcEmoMshmS3
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9kJVIuRjzr
對列強嚟講117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoimWeRCl0k
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqlcdY5eKME
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUdb4RChDTX
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTMqeeUPKEc
最終走向大戰⋯⋯117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK6x6LUSTAd
有時不禁會諗117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLpMJs7EIax
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuyVdYmpTAO
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyGc89vv8f1
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp7QG5vKFvG
歷史會唔會改寫呢?117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjBy42hPlbA
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMfqTXoAAQg共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnB55qMoj4u
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVDFZnZNBny
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
117Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqXCzHUiXSZ
-完-
ns216.73.216.192da2
