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開始大國崛起之路喇(好似係)
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吞埋葡萄牙啲殖民地(除咗澳門)
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非洲
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咁壯闊波瀾嘅“大航海時代”就係現代文明嘅奠基石喇
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250年間有超過兩千萬黑鬼運咗去美洲150Please respect copyright.PENANA1sAgP5i5cb為日後BLM埋下伏線
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係點樣喺非洲引發一場持續百年嘅風暴
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半死嘅馬費奧·巴貝里尼當選為第235任教宗150Please respect copyright.PENANA9I09cbSROi
法號伍朋八世150Please respect copyright.PENANAgrzroXLnI3
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…150Please respect copyright.PENANAQJkgNzuCIh
..150Please respect copyright.PENANAwhYwltoFZQ
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咩事搞到咁大壇呀?
伍朋八世
班老嘢就梗係唔係玩往死裏打咁激動啦150Please respect copyright.PENANAQGn0xFYIpM
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喺呢度要教大家一個中世紀意大利名詞
"Mal'Aria"
直譯就係"bad air""腐敗嘅空氣"150Please respect copyright.PENANA8S9QNowoT1
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呢個就係"Malaria"呢個字嘅由來喇
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呢個係唔同文化嘅人觀察自然現象有共通之處嘅其中一個例子
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羅馬士兵就將迦太基城入面嘅金銀財寶男女戰俘150Please respect copyright.PENANATOoVmEBWBK
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16世紀起150Please respect copyright.PENANACXvgJUw0GJ
耶穌會嘅傳教士跟隨住西班牙同葡萄牙嘅艦隊150Please respect copyright.PENANA9ZdMtkIM1K
去到美洲﹑非洲以至亞洲150Please respect copyright.PENANAraQz5MvHKs
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都係最炙手可熱嘅科目150Please respect copyright.PENANARkkvEtaPwi
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當然就唔會甘於淨係傳教咁簡單啦150Please respect copyright.PENANA4TlQOUQdv4
佢地藉呢個機會研究唔同地方嘅風土人情150Please respect copyright.PENANAWH4TRCNUgt
地理﹑生物學﹑語言學﹑醫藥....150Please respect copyright.PENANAytxs7mBVXQ
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就係由呢班耶撚所發現㗎喇
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每日食啲苦到可以當催吐劑嘅藥粉150Please respect copyright.PENANAw1c2sJ0JfB
去“預防”一種佢地未經歷過嘅疾病150Please respect copyright.PENANA7s0Dh2sITo
服從性有幾高可想而知150Please respect copyright.PENANAbeYP7HckFB
雖然中咗瘧疾都會有藥醫150Please respect copyright.PENANA77l0xZ9MBU
不過成個殖民地枕住有一堆士兵臥病在床嘅話150Please respect copyright.PENANAQv775iT2HI
咁對本身已經好甘嘅殖民地維護開支嚟講150Please respect copyright.PENANAi8WB9Rkc2r
無疑係甘上加甘150Please respect copyright.PENANAixuSRpmKm3
要知道各國喺瘧疾預防上可謂大灑金錢150Please respect copyright.PENANAY4YkwKY0Xg
例如英國每年就使咗超過£60,000150Please respect copyright.PENANAeadIfvCiWZ
即係折合現時大概七千幾萬港紙喺預防性奎寧配給度150Please respect copyright.PENANAUx1R0okOaE
錢就使咗效果又冇150Please respect copyright.PENANAQtOZVjFI9i
咁點搞?150Please respect copyright.PENANAyCoEOKXEGM
“嗚...條女冇咗lu...”150Please respect copyright.PENANAnpMq6JEckO
法國“勸喻”殖民地士兵每日服用奎寧嘅海報
英國人喺印度搵到答案150Please respect copyright.PENANAtR5z72XrNc
作為糖嘅發源地150Please respect copyright.PENANAwCTZwdLWI0
印度人用糖嘅程度超乎常人想像150Please respect copyright.PENANA03hCy6E4bw
(食過印度甜品都會知點解)
喺1850年左右150Please respect copyright.PENANAM8OoKS3U80
英國東印度公司駐孟買嘅軍官150Please respect copyright.PENANAy2Kn7hAHwB
開始流行一種服用奎寧嘅方法:150Please respect copyright.PENANAXC03YFVD2p
佢地將每日配給到嘅奎寧150Please respect copyright.PENANADcI1VxWDRC
溶入高濃度糖水150Please respect copyright.PENANAAK1IrTS4pK
再加啲檸檬汁同檸檬皮150Please respect copyright.PENANAFjxC8hhY49
製成風味獨特嘅奎寧糖漿150Please respect copyright.PENANAhShqa5gLdg
將呢啲糖漿稀釋成合適嘅甜度150Please respect copyright.PENANAm3PxT8y4zg
就成為現今湯力水(Tonic water)嘅雛形喇150Please respect copyright.PENANAKn1R44gJtY
啲軍官再進一步150Please respect copyright.PENANAyWAWIe7Iuz
用呢啲湯力水勾兌當時平到可以當水飲嘅氈酒150Please respect copyright.PENANAiVJO4WmSyc
一款苦中帶甜、清新爽口嘅雞尾酒就誕生喇
150Please respect copyright.PENANAoYhLWOcWAj
用氈酒嚟溝湯力水可以話係神來之筆150Please respect copyright.PENANALG1f28P0XA
法國人曾經試過用紅酒150Please respect copyright.PENANAejJ3KEQD59
不過溝出嚟嘅味道好怪150Please respect copyright.PENANADW3vuBXVng
只係似加咗糖而帶強烈苦澀味嘅藥水150Please respect copyright.PENANAbGbVoNLW0W
味道完全唔融和150Please respect copyright.PENANAuRB0iGDtzr
而平價嘅氈酒出奇地掩蓋到奎寧嘅苦味150Please respect copyright.PENANAS1PPw7N1t6
後來研究發現150Please respect copyright.PENANAyaO6e8WTjW
原來係氈酒入面杜松子嘅成份150Please respect copyright.PENANAcRqNsQYDOF
同奎寧結合成聚合體150Please respect copyright.PENANASbB72RfFtV
大幅改變奎寧嘅味道150Please respect copyright.PENANARxgePqtYPd
呢個偶然嘅發現150Please respect copyright.PENANAK4LgDsjwII
都可以當做呢篇非洲血淚史嘅一個小小嘅註腳嘅
呢款充滿異國風情、被稱為“Gin & Tonic”嘅雞尾酒即時大受歡迎150Please respect copyright.PENANA8q0aTx0nWD
佢嘅配方通過水手同退役歸國嘅官兵150Please respect copyright.PENANAooVq4vFDHq
傳遍各殖民地以至歐陸各國嘅酒吧150Please respect copyright.PENANAUjCtAUhqzb
一時間奎寧就由難以下嚥嘅苦藥150Please respect copyright.PENANAaOLxiR7ujZ
變成社交場合必備嘅飲品150Please respect copyright.PENANAj5sIWF6wz6
湯力水受歡迎嘅程度150Please respect copyright.PENANAEwDoPh6aZV
甚至開始有公司改良同製作商業產品150Please respect copyright.PENANAYqUcOwlRFv
好似發明樽裝梳打水嘅Schweppes(玉泉)150Please respect copyright.PENANAeE4XuuEQbt
就喺1870年將奎寧糖漿加入樽裝梳打水150Please respect copyright.PENANAurqdypOR08
成為方便攜帶飲用嘅有汽湯力水150Please respect copyright.PENANAvD5OYH7Jup
唔同時期嘅Schweppes湯力水樽
奎寧的確拯救咗好多英國以至歐洲人嘅命150Please respect copyright.PENANAqkbmdFWdD9
例如喺1875年150Please respect copyright.PENANAGfe5CRLKaO
英軍喺塞拉利昂嘅死亡率150Please respect copyright.PENANAsJRtEhDURy
已經跌到去1.5%150Please respect copyright.PENANA8cel0SMbOK
不過正所謂每個銀仔都有兩面150Please respect copyright.PENANAJmvxkeYwTl
下集會講吓150Please respect copyright.PENANAyOdiVwp2ec
呢隻邱吉爾口中所講救人無數嘅聖藥150Please respect copyright.PENANAwP8gJOGLb6
係點樣改寫無數非洲人嘅命運150Please respect copyright.PENANAhleHRyqvqZ150Please respect copyright.PENANABDEUYV4hBO