
今集講講呢隻來自南美、名叫奎寧嘅蝴蝶105Please respect copyright.PENANA8rEhotO3h0
係點樣喺非洲引發一場持續百年嘅風暴105Please respect copyright.PENANApeM6cQ2Rmp
當初歐洲佬唔係笨撚柒105Please respect copyright.PENANAVtM95qIFLY
佢地當然知道直接殖民非洲105Please respect copyright.PENANA5deO7SOl6y
係可以減省好多運輸奴隸嘅開支啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAUCaForFZA9
事實上佢地一早就佔領晒非洲外圍嘅群島105Please respect copyright.PENANAxCy6Xb5Ib8
並喺嗰度利用黑奴建立起一個個嘅種植園105Please respect copyright.PENANAy915mevkOG
規模仲相當之大105Please respect copyright.PENANA4md2oOWpLm
好似葡萄牙喺畿內亞灣嘅聖多美普林西比105Please respect copyright.PENANAWu8rgSOCeX
喺16世紀就曾經係世上最大嘅產糖地105Please respect copyright.PENANABFjYsxKSQD
(以重量計喺嗰時蔗糖同黃金係等值)105Please respect copyright.PENANAD3KBlYBgPD
聖多美普林西比(São Tomé and Príncipe)
不過同呢啲渺無人煙嘅外島相比105Please respect copyright.PENANApOSvFsyguh
非洲內陸就完全係另一回事喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAd2vJtZ2gIp
對白人嚟講105Please respect copyright.PENANAMH2qMrpbbE
撒哈拉沙漠以南嘅叢林地帶105Please respect copyright.PENANArVQWvY3Wdk
自古以來就係九死一生嘅毒龍潭105Please respect copyright.PENANAg1XWFwzrzs呢片被稱為“黑非洲”嘅雨林105Please respect copyright.PENANAzOREk8RIMk
古時就已經被認為係不可逾越嘅蠻荒之地105Please respect copyright.PENANAWxOZyeNwuq
古希臘歷史學家希羅多德就曾經記載105Please respect copyright.PENANARAdDKwa8XU
喺公元前530年105Please respect copyright.PENANAihxqONbGh5
當時地上最強、啱啱征服咗埃及嘅波斯王岡比西斯二世105Please respect copyright.PENANAuUFs7z4qNB
佢派去探索呢個世界盡頭嘅遠征軍105Please respect copyright.PENANA3WMipGUUWK
仗都未打就喺征途死咗一半人被迫折返105Please respect copyright.PENANA6bqLVRbi7k
另外古羅馬曾經4次派遠征軍橫越撒哈拉105Please respect copyright.PENANAvZ6J91HpGq
最後都係冇辦法穿越呢片浩瀚無垠嘅密林105Please respect copyright.PENANAWyMbYbYioY
派入去偵察嘅斥候全部都有去冇回105Please respect copyright.PENANAuODZouBcyy
原因就係以瘧疾為首嘅各種熱帶疾病105Please respect copyright.PENANAf8ATS7UK87
希羅多德喺佢本《歷史》所描述嘅世界105Please respect copyright.PENANAOUmB5T4a3E
要留意撒哈拉沙漠以南嗰個(Æthiopes)唔係而家嗰個埃塞俄比亞105Please respect copyright.PENANAu5rCAJgmb9
呢個字古希臘文解“燒燶咗塊面”105Please respect copyright.PENANA6yvWsnSAco
係指撒哈拉沙漠以南嘅非洲105Please respect copyright.PENANASli9eT0baC
古希臘啲仆街仔諗嘢都真係幾撚地獄105Please respect copyright.PENANAQoXQBmxzYY羅馬嗰4次遠征路線圖105Please respect copyright.PENANAzYA2hnRr9z
雖然最後都係探索唔到非洲內陸嘅情況105Please respect copyright.PENANA7U2NNOKzG3
不過呢幾次都為日後橫撒哈拉貿易奠定基礎105Please respect copyright.PENANAZtKUwwcoEI
成就出之後風光一時嘅土著貿易王國105Please respect copyright.PENANAA4Z9H2mhZ1一度興盛嘅橫撒哈拉貿易王國105Please respect copyright.PENANAissdGL9Ir5
其中以Mansa Musa呢位一路去麥加朝聖105Please respect copyright.PENANAV6407v6cQH
一路派金粒105Please respect copyright.PENANAWgpxUC0lgB
派到引發沿途地區嚴重通貨膨脹嘅馬里國王最為著名105Please respect copyright.PENANAikIK2330H9
不過呢啲財雄勢大嘅駱駝商旅105Please respect copyright.PENANAyo0x8oQROh
最後都係畀大航海時代帶嚟嘅海洋貿易所取代
呢啲病對歐洲人嚟講係魔咒105Please respect copyright.PENANAPf6EGkE04v
但係對世居於呢片密林嘅黑鬼嚟講呢105Please respect copyright.PENANAjYoq6jImAT
就係護身符喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAkxBk3yiBtX
(有興趣嘅小朋友可以搵吓地中海貧血症、蠶豆症同瘧疾嘅關係)105Please respect copyright.PENANArbIjhCGSp7
正因為咁105Please respect copyright.PENANA12pI6GdXrV
歐洲人對非洲內陸105Please respect copyright.PENANA3a6XCDuUy1
尤其係中非剛果盆地105Please respect copyright.PENANAH4ElmXRyEx
係一無所知105Please respect copyright.PENANAgJRs2pxNnm
一路以嚟所有嘗試深入剛果河流域嘅探險105Please respect copyright.PENANA5NgVumQd1N
都係以災難收場105Please respect copyright.PENANAdxu84ieudb
好似喺1542年105Please respect copyright.PENANA0K6hZLqPui
第一個發現剛果河口嘅歐洲人105Please respect copyright.PENANATAOouoRSDs
葡萄牙航海家Diogo Cão105Please respect copyright.PENANAdR6IftLYVV
就係喺試圖探索內陸時病死喺河邊105Please respect copyright.PENANAvKEcATtsFy
對嗰時嘅歐洲人嚟講105Please respect copyright.PENANAqMPeQJ3IRu
佔領非洲本土代價實在太大105Please respect copyright.PENANAXfBmNkTZHk
與其嘥人力物力喺非洲內陸建立殖民地105Please respect copyright.PENANA91lkKLeYL0
不如同啲土著王國做貿易好過105Please respect copyright.PENANASubbpP6pv4
以葡萄牙為例105Please respect copyright.PENANA9SXabeb9Zt
喺見識過剛果雨林嘅殘酷同當地巴剛果王國嘅強大後105Please respect copyright.PENANAJXEIIQSfTX
葡萄牙就決定喺剛果河口南岸較為乾燥嘅草原105Please respect copyright.PENANAkl0J3tGlqh
建立貿易站105Please respect copyright.PENANAAnHfBc1CmL
以教育、宗教同鎗炮105Please respect copyright.PENANAc6IilDFJmT
嚟同呢個土著王國換取戰俘作奴隸喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAdKuadotQ11
剛果河南岸嘅葡屬安哥拉
剛果國王阿方索一世喺1517年6月8號寫畀葡萄牙國王曼紐一世嘅信105Please respect copyright.PENANAG1icNPZAcq
向佢呢位主內弟兄請求提供教會禮儀器具105Please respect copyright.PENANAwsDyUTlSFC
(以面積計剛果王國係當時世上最大嘅大公教國家)
去到近代105Please respect copyright.PENANAkEMT2ddxA7
就算係船堅炮利嘅英國佬105Please respect copyright.PENANAXuWmgpNIzY
情況都唔好得幾多105Please respect copyright.PENANAe3WyJzztF6
好似喺1816年有個叫James Tuckey嘅英國海軍上校105Please respect copyright.PENANA758VU3M05z
組織咗隊探險隊尋找剛果河源頭105Please respect copyright.PENANA3EqQZpvgNr
結果由河口上溯唔夠100公里105Please respect copyright.PENANAfHH7aXjkSQ
54個隊員入面就病死咗21個105Please respect copyright.PENANA4IULaJ10CV
包括佢自己105Please respect copyright.PENANAfN0Xx3Mn8Q
所以直至19世紀中葉105Please respect copyright.PENANAEq92kRhxGZ
中南非洲仍然係呢個地理大發現時代入面最大嘅迷團105Please respect copyright.PENANA004MrOkVxn
Tuckey上校用生命所畫嘅剛果河口地型圖
1850年非洲地圖105Please respect copyright.PENANAF6xjY8nE5Y
留意番中間橙黃色個“ETHIOPIA”唔係而家嗰個105Please respect copyright.PENANAbSet2rpdQb
呢度借用嚟標示非洲中部呢大片未探索之地105Please respect copyright.PENANAbeIHq11KKr
(嗰時埃塞俄比亞個英文名係Abyssinia, 由阿拉伯文翻譯過嚟)105Please respect copyright.PENANAYyAm5DYDbE
不過奎寧普及後情況就唔同晒喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAwu3T9JmsvN
歐洲人喺非洲嘅生存率得以大大提升105Please respect copyright.PENANA8kSiGfkrPi
隨住人命成本降低105Please respect copyright.PENANATzXhZWCmNe
探索非洲雨林嘅門檻105Please respect copyright.PENANAhZq5921XqH
已經下降到可以接受嘅水平105Please respect copyright.PENANAx3f5Fc5Imv
喺1850年代開始105Please respect copyright.PENANANKKGUkSRn0
歐美各國政府、地理學會以至私人企業105Please respect copyright.PENANAIJzxTv5Klb
紛紛組織探險隊105Please respect copyright.PENANAjNNxEG6y7y
務求搶先其他人一步105Please respect copyright.PENANAs69fK3DkVz
尋找失落喺中非密林嘅嗰幾塊拼圖105Please respect copyright.PENANAbWnTCddDCZ
其中最積極嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAbGwxaEJgUQ
就係正處於維多利亞時期嘅英國喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAkVbmaVPyh2當時所缺嗰幾塊拼圖105Please respect copyright.PENANA0EoAykZzVG
分別係:105Please respect copyright.PENANAiiAUbEij3H
1.尼羅河源頭105Please respect copyright.PENANAXVJPtsMpjL
2.傳說中浩瀚如海嘅中非淡水湖105Please respect copyright.PENANAUCduO5ZMqD
3.剛果盆地105Please respect copyright.PENANAkOerPbSFk0
跟住落嚟嗰卅幾年105Please respect copyright.PENANAPG4oB5CrdK
喺一個阿拉伯奴隸主嘅協助下105Please respect copyright.PENANATmk1QB2iVr
憑住五個英國佬、一個斯拉夫白女奴以及無數黑奴轎夫嘅努力同犧牲105Please respect copyright.PENANA1Oh9ef1Cf6
掩蓋中非嘅嗰片戰爭迷霧逐漸消退105Please respect copyright.PENANAbOZPbhNQmm
《大航海時代》最終DLC《瓜分非洲》終於上線喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAW8N0ct8aFc
1880年代非洲地圖105Please respect copyright.PENANABY5vjSwDZe
對比番1850年嗰幅地圖105Please respect copyright.PENANAjVeE4mBgrH
尼羅河同剛果河流域基本上已經被探索105Please respect copyright.PENANATx8XbtBifq
再唔係被標示為“ETHIOPIA”喇
呢卅幾年嘅中非探險歷史105Please respect copyright.PENANA6IGRgmOIq1
所牽涉嘅人同佢地之間嘅恩怨情仇105Please respect copyright.PENANAJGDVZo6oxo
的確相當引人入勝──105Please respect copyright.PENANAdSKiPv4JYT
一個借探險之名研究各地性愛風俗嘅性書大亨105Please respect copyright.PENANASbWu7Wx8wG
一個因個人臆測而引發後世幾場大屠殺嘅軍佬105Please respect copyright.PENANAZqrPPIMzr9
一個濟世為懷但又志大才疏嘅醫生/傳教士105Please respect copyright.PENANApkay27rto6
一個為名利而不擇手段、甘願為惡龍做事嘅記者105Please respect copyright.PENANABVq389dSVx
一個喺巴爾幹同鄂圖曼總督爭女嘅二世祖105Please respect copyright.PENANAnMR4G0x6sH
同一個持家賢慧但又驍勇凶悍嘅白女奴105Please respect copyright.PENANAFOpeDIhfka
仲有一個喺暗中操縱一切、憑藉探險熱潮乘勢而起但又被一切反噬嘅阿拉伯奴隸主105Please respect copyright.PENANA4n2doT1Nte
──用呢啲性格鮮明、經歷獨特嘅歷史人物寫嘅故事105Please respect copyright.PENANALFKtMHppON
我諗都會相當有趣105Please respect copyright.PENANA7lQcr3DY5w
不過礙於篇幅所限105Please respect copyright.PENANAAtn1GAClmW
我就唔喺度一一展開喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAp1T6LMTgT1
(除咗講盧旺達大屠殺嗰陣會提一提嗰個性書大亨同個軍佬)105Please respect copyright.PENANA35d0wGmBek
可能或者有機會第日得閒開多篇嚟講吓啦吓
喺講啲列強點樣喺非洲玩到high翻天之前105Please respect copyright.PENANAv7zae4OK5N
首先要講講佢地瓜分非洲嘅誘因105Please respect copyright.PENANA29VNSi2g1J
一切要由一場股災講起105Please respect copyright.PENANAMqvho7tTaL
而家就睇吓呢日發生咗啲咩事105Please respect copyright.PENANA0a6EF6yqiU
搞到丁生咁好興致一家人齊齊整整上天台睇日落105Please respect copyright.PENANAl3DMMY634L
1873年5月9號星期五朝早105Please respect copyright.PENANAw35LTad7lw
維也納有個叫Adolf Petschek嘅猶太佬105Please respect copyright.PENANAYDliNtkRFq
向法院申請將佢間公司破產105Please respect copyright.PENANA9oHrhDFoGd
呢條友並唔係普通嘅阿茂阿壽105Please respect copyright.PENANAxYPGU5vVn8
佢檔嘢係當時奧匈帝國以至整個中歐最大嘅證券商105Please respect copyright.PENANAPZA90Jj9Bg
一間咁有影響力嘅企業破產105Please respect copyright.PENANAK9f8xHFLPN
必然會引起市場動盪105Please respect copyright.PENANAkp4uCm6Kir
於是維也納交易所決定暫時休市105Please respect copyright.PENANAkjgYPiaSQW
咁就仆街喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAVDafvJjI0b
喺嗰個資訊唔流通嘅年代105Please respect copyright.PENANAQfwIPXVXyL
停市嘅原因係冇辦法即時通知市場上所有參與者105Please respect copyright.PENANAuiAWS1cjhe
一時間謠言滿天飛105Please respect copyright.PENANAp7BAhdMiIA
人喺恐慌下105Please respect copyright.PENANAfQKm75ccsq
最正路嘅做法105Please respect copyright.PENANAB3WhlGPpdh
就係一有機會就攞cash旁身105Please respect copyright.PENANApqoLmSzelK
所以當中午一復市時105Please respect copyright.PENANAGcppaK3VQO
所有人都湧去交易所105Please respect copyright.PENANAyrDrjGvAun
務求以最快速度賣晒啲股票套現105Please respect copyright.PENANAc860YGlZNF
同時冇買股票又聽到消息嘅人105Please respect copyright.PENANAqLKBIsCQoi
都湧去銀行提走所有現金做成擠提105Please respect copyright.PENANAmDyI3Vo6Gn
一時間市場所有流動性枯竭105Please respect copyright.PENANADciLM2Cdfn
結果就連本身同Adolf間公司冇乜啦㨢嘅銀行同企業105Please respect copyright.PENANAnxb2XVyd92
都因為資不抵債而債務違約105Please respect copyright.PENANAl8qu5Y0bZg
維也納交易所喺前一日都仲有141間銀行掛牌105Please respect copyright.PENANAoQVj7HzZR2
到咗呢日下晝1點提早收市時105Please respect copyright.PENANATz6bByRwH9
就只剩低廿間左右105Please respect copyright.PENANAcV0y3DejOo
整體市值直接斬半105Please respect copyright.PENANAYkQa2pbDtb
維也納股票市場喺呢日全面崩潰105Please respect copyright.PENANAMLcbzXZyzs
而向隅者只好喺已經閂咗門嘅交易所前同警察跳番part舞啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAVtJOIVc07b
可能你會諗“崩潰我有經驗~輸清光我未發癲”105Please respect copyright.PENANAVLjbwKYDuR
股災又有咩好怕喎希望在明天吖嘛105Please respect copyright.PENANAclXp6UIbHd
係嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAwHGzqcCJy3
呢啲金融風暴、金融海嘯真係同上帝一樣自有永有105Please respect copyright.PENANAIUoUYo67A3
咩鬱金香狂熱呀南海公司泡沫呀密西西比事件呀咁105Please respect copyright.PENANA9tETDQ6lxB
啲泡沫吹爆完一個後105Please respect copyright.PENANAjZHdDuR85o
隔一輪又吹脹另一個105Please respect copyright.PENANAN9ddoWQjY8
就算喺嗰個年代都已經唔係啲咩稀奇嘅事105Please respect copyright.PENANAzcRevGfaD2
不過今次有啲唔同105Please respect copyright.PENANAZW2A5eyTTK
隨住電報嘅普及105Please respect copyright.PENANAXExNKQZ1VQ
唔同國家資本市場嘅距離變得越嚟越近105Please respect copyright.PENANAXTnm0gpM1G
而家就睇吓全球化105Please respect copyright.PENANAQTeudrJDF5
係點樣令呢次喺中歐嘅股災105Please respect copyright.PENANAW2aoYEAvwa
演變成整個歐美世界嘅經濟災難105Please respect copyright.PENANAydAv9lQPbe首先講吓個時代背景先105Please respect copyright.PENANANHZqLvd2rp
嗰時正值普法戰爭後德意志帝國建國初期105Please respect copyright.PENANA98KOU1MXGF
法國因為法蘭克福條約而要賠款50億法朗畀德國105Please respect copyright.PENANAVCr9vZq8Xo
德國政府就用呢啲錢嚟贖回之前發行嘅戰爭債券105Please respect copyright.PENANAew5L11lsZG
咁導致大量熱錢流入德國金融體系105Please respect copyright.PENANAv9sQbtpCAt
本身債券持有者急需為呢啲資金搵出路105Please respect copyright.PENANAo5F8fPARwZ
德國隔離嘅奧匈帝國睇中呢點105Please respect copyright.PENANANXZliAFm9M
就大幅放寬金融市場嘅監管105Please respect copyright.PENANAdONuRKDwQB
於是各色各樣嘅金融公司就如雨後春筍105Please respect copyright.PENANAAnCOOc72ir
以各種名目去發行股票同債券集資105Please respect copyright.PENANAxwrtJNUNJr
好似投資匈牙利嘅小麥農場呀105Please respect copyright.PENANALugLIuMek9
或者連接維也納至布達佩斯嘅鐵路呀105Please respect copyright.PENANA3qjtxfnPzY
甚至係啲只存在喺紙上嘅地產項目呀咁105Please respect copyright.PENANA5nPBn1k6rV
咁好似上面咁講105Please respect copyright.PENANAFriHEZ2FwD
資本世界入面嘅國界105Please respect copyright.PENANA7zpaC7uGKs
隨住通訊技術嘅改進而變得越嚟越模糊105Please respect copyright.PENANAW83zeJoBZT
作為當時生產力最強、資本最充裕嘅英國佬105Please respect copyright.PENANAma9XjogiJ5
當然就唔會執輸叉隻腳埋嚟啦105Please respect copyright.PENANARDNsQMEnf8
喺呢啲熱錢嘅炒作吓105Please respect copyright.PENANA1bNQoevfva
維也納股市暴漲105Please respect copyright.PENANAN7zgfc4DAh
喺1873年105Please respect copyright.PENANASevdSp2HeN
呢個吹波波遊戲終於到達高潮喇
喺呢年維也納舉辦世界博覽會105Please respect copyright.PENANAOyCg4e8XMM
作為皇帝法蘭茲約瑟夫一世登基25周年105Please respect copyright.PENANAbXzbR82xL3
兼向世界展現奧匈已經喺奧普戰爭戰敗中復原嘅慶祝活動105Please respect copyright.PENANAuBz9jUl43A
呢次全球矚目嘅盛事可謂不容有失105Please respect copyright.PENANAfJOLDzHiUy
自1870年贏得主辦權後105Please respect copyright.PENANAquBPDikOEB
維也納到處都大興土木105Please respect copyright.PENANAE4z7OPW5zh
地產項目變得相當興盛105Please respect copyright.PENANAAQi1StcQgj
啲熱錢梗係唔會放過咁好嘅炒作理由啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAseQsSkz7Ol
更多嘅資本引致更高嘅升幅105Please respect copyright.PENANA1w26hiy8gw
而更高嘅升幅就吸引更多嘅資本105Please respect copyright.PENANASjlsTLcbbZ
喺1873年頭到開幕前呢4個月間105Please respect copyright.PENANAINq3OpXTfS
維也納股市升咗一倍105Please respect copyright.PENANA5NQ8xZF0TX
啲奧地利佬就嚟可以喺博覽會上表演左腳踏右腳上太空喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAvB3q2KKfvM
1873年維也納世博主場館Rotunda105Please respect copyright.PENANA4sPMEypevD
就咁睇相都覺得相當宏偉105Please respect copyright.PENANAFWfSLQ07YH不過可惜喺1937年一場大火中燒毀吖105Please respect copyright.PENANAbVMjwDUFVf
唔係嘅話而家應該係遊客必到嘅景點
當然最後佢地冇上到太空啦105Please respect copyright.PENANA7xeV1u7L2D
仲拖埋全世界落地獄㖭105Please respect copyright.PENANANiloW5aoW7
喺5月1號籌備已久嘅世界博覽會開幕105Please respect copyright.PENANAw6piMJNRIJ
奧皇到場發表演說兼攞威105Please respect copyright.PENANA2hxjmPOIwG
不過喺同一時間105Please respect copyright.PENANAuKBuJFzO6J
當時奧匈最大嘅銀行奧地利信貸突然將股票戶口清空105Please respect copyright.PENANASEL1u2Jh2E
因為佢地判斷當世博開幕嘅一刻105Please respect copyright.PENANAvTgI7Yy02g
就係音樂停止嘅時候喇105Please respect copyright.PENANATugtLzBvdj
而家睇番呢個根本係自我實現嘅預言105Please respect copyright.PENANAFKSjnAoj0I
因為咁做就會即時抽緊啲證券商嘅銀根105Please respect copyright.PENANA22YWBgKku6
作為最大嘅證券商105Please respect copyright.PENANAJABoQaEmsx
Adolf喺玩咗幾日兩個蓋冚十個煲後105Please respect copyright.PENANAGyDUildQfr
終於頂唔順爆煲105Please respect copyright.PENANAZdB3udGv9J
同時以英國資本為首嘅國際大孖沙105Please respect copyright.PENANAYEhO9UH47D
都畀呢次突如其來嘅股災殺個措手不及損手爛腳105Please respect copyright.PENANAMBxmLpXuGe
為防自身資金鏈斷裂105Please respect copyright.PENANAyBwEDRubFT
佢地都開始喺歐美各主要市場減持甚至清倉105Please respect copyright.PENANAvZWa8KF420
以增加自己嘅頭寸105Please respect copyright.PENANA7ZHQfXWWaT
咁導致各大資本市場嘅銀根進一步收縮105Please respect copyright.PENANAte04Z7ieoz
股價暴跌銀行擠提企業破產105Please respect copyright.PENANAfsjjrqtLen
就好似骨牌一樣105Please respect copyright.PENANAw9O13cJ2Dp
以維也納為中心向全球擴散105Please respect copyright.PENANAExzsROZZpm
法蘭克福、巴黎、阿姆斯特丹、倫敦……105Please respect copyright.PENANAnUXL4VqB0v
各地股市債市相繼崩潰105Please respect copyright.PENANAxN3ikg7VSF
甚至遠至紐約都受到波及105Please respect copyright.PENANApQRWKIZHJ19月18號美國最大嘅鐵路融資銀行Jay Cooke & Co105Please respect copyright.PENANA7mA7I81uaT
因為冇晒歐洲買家買佢啲債券105Please respect copyright.PENANAoLd5ruHZNt
還唔到一筆政府借貸而債務違約清盤105Please respect copyright.PENANAm6DBfzOiqS
啲人見到咁大間銀行都搞唔掂105Please respect copyright.PENANAu4wfs1BgVp
都紛紛湧去各銀行提走所有錢105Please respect copyright.PENANAy3bVv9dMgl
兩日內有廿間銀行接連因擠提而破產105Please respect copyright.PENANAxE1wZD1l0H
紐約交易所喺20號破天荒宣布停市10日105Please respect copyright.PENANABhxhUskly3
咁自然就帶嚟更大嘅恐慌更嚴重嘅擠提啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAxbbd9jrjXs
喺跟住嗰一年105Please respect copyright.PENANAi42Z3XfOPS
呢啲金融機構清盤所引發嘅連鎖反應105Please respect copyright.PENANAqnEAIZulII
令全美國超過100間銀行同鐵路企業倒閉...105Please respect copyright.PENANABOCk0Quhmn
…相信經歷過2008年金融海嘯嘅小朋友105Please respect copyright.PENANAot8eJiAcEG
都會覺得有啲似曾相識105Please respect copyright.PENANA31ptEeHoKg
冇錯105Please respect copyright.PENANAxu93UPF8d2
呢次被後世史學家稱為“1873年恐慌 ”嘅經濟災難105Please respect copyright.PENANAsKGbaTgatd
就係人類史上第一次因個別企業爆煲而引發嘅全球流動性危機105Please respect copyright.PENANAtXz7npEeWL
1873年5月9號朝早105Please respect copyright.PENANAs7v670sKEO
就係嗰個年代嘅「雷曼時刻」喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAZDN3Ol9dwB
咁啱得咁橋105Please respect copyright.PENANAwEDKQVdCLh
呢對猶太兄弟同佢地個阿哥所創立嗰間雜貨舖兼投資銀行105Please respect copyright.PENANAtiuh9Upuc7
喺呢次災難前察覺到鐵路同房地產市場嘅泡沫105Please respect copyright.PENANALjHVneMQwx
而專注做番農業融資得以避過一劫之餘105Please respect copyright.PENANAMmdeOstvpK
再踩住佢啲同行條屍壯大105Please respect copyright.PENANA9Yg3GTybtj
有咁嘅市場觸覺105Please respect copyright.PENANArwMAfRYb1K
他朝必定可以叱吒風雲主宰全球金融105Please respect copyright.PENANAs5zRp4HmMf…吖一時唔醒起佢地姓安信定華納定咩㖭
呢次災難嘅後遺症有好多105Please respect copyright.PENANAGzEZD68EyH
例如因為銀根緊繃息率急升105Please respect copyright.PENANAl4dRmfUWRr
令各行各業借貸成本暴漲105Please respect copyright.PENANAZ8RH92bDgI
從而令大量民生企業倒閉失業率飆升105Please respect copyright.PENANAi64DGOzVM5
引發歐美地區長達廿年嘅「長期蕭條」105Please respect copyright.PENANAXj6ttczmju
(本來1873年呢次係叫「大蕭條」嘅直至畀1929年嗰次搶咗個名)又例如猶太人被德語報章描繪成貪婪嘅吸血鬼105Please respect copyright.PENANAfFyuI7U6wj
利用各種虛假嘅投資項目同高利貸105Please respect copyright.PENANAEuUpW2RHzM
榨取勤勞善良嘅工人辛苦勞動得嚟嘅血汗錢105Please respect copyright.PENANABb5Mua8mIG
從而引發德語地區新一輪嘅反猶太運動105Please respect copyright.PENANACkDLdMQXrh
為日後希哥嘅「最終解決方案」奠定基礎等等105Please respect copyright.PENANA8McdtN4QtF不過呢啲都唔係今集要講嘅嘢105Please respect copyright.PENANAPOFIkbFlXf
呢度我想講講呢次流動性危機105Please respect copyright.PENANAaP9OeZ3gAm
係點樣誘使歐洲人去瓜分非洲
要知道喺嗰個金/銀本位嘅年代105Please respect copyright.PENANAKN1eYbDd3K
錢唔係話憑一句“In aircraft carrier god we trust”就印到出嚟105Please respect copyright.PENANA8qGxKuhrk2
而一個國家有幾多錢105Please respect copyright.PENANAVpBvssrSF2
就視乎佢嘅貿易順差有幾大喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAs3bK9eGu4x
最完美嘅情況105Please respect copyright.PENANAJVvbbZSoGY
就係你有足夠多足夠平嘅商品之餘105Please respect copyright.PENANANu2cSBQ63C
同時又冇需要進口其他國家嘅產品105Please respect copyright.PENANAZ2lGdQP1v2
當時英國呢個日不落帝國105Please respect copyright.PENANAXT3eDhV0o7
就相當接近呢個情況喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAOZQBrU39Ot
喺漫長而又和平嘅19世紀105Please respect copyright.PENANAFR9lk6RLGt
英國憑藉強大嘅工業力量105Please respect copyright.PENANA8AWECm2o7y
支撐住絕對優勢嘅海軍105Please respect copyright.PENANAchEDtsEDHE
喺世界各地建立起一個又一個嘅殖民地105Please respect copyright.PENANAVrcRuGzDZ3
再由呢啲殖民地獲取各種廉價嘅工業原材料105Please respect copyright.PENANAGdGebpDAAw
令自己嘅產品喺世界市場上得到無可比擬嘅成本優勢105Please respect copyright.PENANAc37Xb4pE9G
賺取更多嘅外匯105Please respect copyright.PENANAaXf0dFQTxm
從而建造更多更強嘅戰艦去霸佔更多嘅殖民地105Please respect copyright.PENANA9OuBqthhMp
形成牢不可破嘅正循環105Please respect copyright.PENANAL8S7hKFp4D
簡單嚟講105Please respect copyright.PENANAYZerVuHcBk
重商主義嘅精粹105Please respect copyright.PENANAgG6OEjW6WY
就係要獲取比對手多嘅資源(aka殖民地)喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAo5uJes8bvE
1870年嘅日不落帝國
重商主義
嗰時嘅英國就好似而家嘅美國一樣105Please respect copyright.PENANAUc1J54HIYC
都係全球資本市場最主要嘅資金來源105Please respect copyright.PENANAPCs86j2869
所以當維也納股災引致英國收水時105Please respect copyright.PENANAna2WlJIxM1
全世界資本市場即時缺血105Please respect copyright.PENANA56WQ3P2Je5
各國即時反應就梗係止血啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAjkmxYBpQJg
要止血最直接就加係關稅105Please respect copyright.PENANAVgssCed6OS
保護主義相繼喺各國抬頭105Please respect copyright.PENANAx3hOvEIsHQ
不過對啲冇乜資源嘅國家嚟講105Please respect copyright.PENANAOaHaIuu4Mw
短期止到血啫105Please respect copyright.PENANAQNv71D0WxT
長期嘅話一樣營養不良105Please respect copyright.PENANA3B7O5MzQKN
因為你加得關稅105Please respect copyright.PENANAIwecqbSS5t
人地一樣加得105Please respect copyright.PENANAzGVNtP9O7m
你要入口工業生產所欠缺嘅原材料105Please respect copyright.PENANAvJxRY5habb
所繳交嘅關稅最終都會反映喺價格上105Please respect copyright.PENANASgO3TGbM1x
真係賺幾多都會畀人地啲關稅食晒105Please respect copyright.PENANA52D8bh1rSF
所以最根本解決流動性危機嘅方法105Please respect copyright.PENANAgF1NntbFsO
就係奪取更加多嘅殖民地105Please respect copyright.PENANAaScbz8t9KB
而喺嗰時105Please respect copyright.PENANArXdNDNM0f6
全球仲未畀歐洲勢力劃分嘅地方105Please respect copyright.PENANAFbBGdug0DI
就只有非洲內陸、太平洋啲山旮旯島嶼同南極洲105Please respect copyright.PENANAL75Lkh5Kym
加上自1850年代以嚟嘅尼羅河溯源之旅105Please respect copyright.PENANAr9G6sk7Pmt
已經證實咗喺奎寧同格靈鎗嘅幫助下105Please respect copyright.PENANAkPPXWj6IfL
歐洲人係可以征服非洲最可怕嘅密林同土著王國105Please respect copyright.PENANAoUu8ddvr9O
喺呢個前提之下105Please respect copyright.PENANAxRU98MXAJ1
《瓜分非洲》呢隻DLC就變得相當吸引105Please respect copyright.PENANARAk3a4KpO9
於是各個舊玩家好似西班牙、葡萄牙、英國、法國105Please respect copyright.PENANAWBuEjapdvD
以及新玩家好似德國、意大利同某個豆腐膶咁細嘅低地國國王105Please respect copyright.PENANAuBIaDUD3EI
都紛紛組織探險隊同遠征軍105Please respect copyright.PENANAXEpFtO5pSJ
務求快過對手一步105Please respect copyright.PENANA1vGcyO7UHQ
奪取更多嘅殖民地105Please respect copyright.PENANAWj1YGXkzKM
以喺呢個現代經濟模式中佔到先機105Please respect copyright.PENANAbTLoHSZ9eN面對有足夠健康嘅士兵同格靈機鎗105Please respect copyright.PENANAJieFagmZ3d
無論係南非草原嘅祖魯戰士105Please respect copyright.PENANA7wa86Q1Ybq
抑或係西非黃金海岸密林嘅阿散蒂叛軍105Please respect copyright.PENANAr9STcS3Dc7
都喺一陣陣“突突突”聲中化成碎片105Please respect copyright.PENANAszTntaXG2Z
1876年非洲嘅殖民地105Please respect copyright.PENANAsUyypkgOYT
可以見到除咗法國喺北非嘅阿爾及利亞105Please respect copyright.PENANALHhZerhUqV
西非嘅塞內加爾105Please respect copyright.PENANABwXRN4rUuj
英國喺南非嘅開普殖民地105Please respect copyright.PENANAubfH9uKijF
以及葡萄牙嗰喺東非同西非嗰兩撻有名無實嘅殖民地外105Please respect copyright.PENANAPhVWlIEs7D
其他嘅都係細到不值一提105Please respect copyright.PENANATQqxxaglUn
所有殖民地加埋都只有大約十份之一個非洲105Please respect copyright.PENANA9J0OcI7zQM
相對於同時期歐洲人已經全佔美洲同澳洲105Please respect copyright.PENANAMMP3mqIsND
亞洲亦都有一半以上嘅勢力落入歐洲人手中105Please respect copyright.PENANAJv39D7hIMs
殖民非洲的確係緩慢好多105Please respect copyright.PENANAliFmidlI8W
不過情況將會好快改變⋯⋯
105Please respect copyright.PENANAmDWQTpxeWx
相信各位聰明嘅小朋友都會留意到105Please respect copyright.PENANAamkzyLY18j
今次金融災難明明美國佬都舐晒嘢㗎喎105Please respect copyright.PENANAzUdrTtzFfg
點解後來佢地又冇玩《瓜分非洲》呢105Please respect copyright.PENANA81IJLuEvaw
(除咗喺西非嗰撻自由黑鬼放養地105Please respect copyright.PENANAVAOE1Wf8Jb
之後都會講講關於呢班源自非洲嘅外來物種有趣嘅故事)105Please respect copyright.PENANAjUIj1iMvsl
呢樣正正就係美國之所以為「天選之國」嘅原因喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAoQm59JQ3ow
美洲係好柒大好多資源嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAfce5TuLf78
地理上亦都離歐亞大陸好遠105Please respect copyright.PENANA5HuxgfXszl
與其山長水遠走去非洲同舊世界班老屎忽爭餅食105Please respect copyright.PENANAekNb6OkCap
不如留番喺度開發好過105Please respect copyright.PENANAV3drXF11nE
所以美國立國以嚟個發展方向都係向西105Please respect copyright.PENANAiCcxhTHb3E
由大西洋一路去到太平洋105Please respect copyright.PENANAizgGxbrsRn
再將太平洋變成自己個私家泳池105Please respect copyright.PENANAN8vJ9ksrZA
成就出新一代舉世無雙嘅海洋霸權105Please respect copyright.PENANAvvInLrHGwp
呢啲就係美國自我實現嘅「昭昭天命」(Manifest Destiny)喇105Please respect copyright.PENANA66ZssUTSiO
哥倫比亞女神右手攞住科學左手拉起電報線105Please respect copyright.PENANA2xqvJ41tww
引領拓荒者將光明由東邊帶往西部105Please respect copyright.PENANAMtTfMfPXVt
留意番幅圖左邊啲印第安人係走住屌嘅
不過玩咗幾年啲列強就開始覺得有啲唔對路喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAFcCooPcaTe
係呀面對啲揸住長矛牛皮盾嘅黑鬼105Please respect copyright.PENANAekQB9b1Zyq
梗係冇問題啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAUc7DSns5S8
不過玩到咁上緊105Please respect copyright.PENANAYYMgeMD3ea
實會同其他玩家嘅領地有交接㗎喎105Please respect copyright.PENANARqN75q3jym
嗰度山長水遠到時有咩爭拗衝突都幾麻煩105Please respect copyright.PENANAonFvM7HdPl
究竟點樣先為之有效佔領擁有咗某個地方呢?105Please respect copyright.PENANA6palKTFZDY
領地內嘅河流係咪可以獨家使用定要同隔離分享呢?105Please respect copyright.PENANALhmeeW923G
呢啲問題隨住剛果盆地嘅爭議而浮上枱面105Please respect copyright.PENANAgcwXvG1i76
──1880年法國探險家皮耶・布拉柴搶先一步喺剛果河北岸建立布拉柴維爾105Please respect copyright.PENANAcIUVRJYLvq
當時比利時國王利奧波德二世隻馬仔亨利・史坦利見到唔對路105Please respect copyright.PENANAJL9DXiizPa
就嗱嗱臨喺對岸起咗個以佢老細嚟命名嘅哨站仔(利奧波德維爾,即係而家嘅金沙薩)105Please respect copyright.PENANAc95ZNC3Nt0
以阻止法國佬南下105Please respect copyright.PENANAOIOHz35NCJ
由此引發咗一連串嘅領土同航行權爭議105Please respect copyright.PENANAVra5pQy3sR
世上相距最近嘅首都(唔計羅馬同梵蒂岡)105Please respect copyright.PENANAPcgnNc4Rt5
直線距離唔夠3公里105Please respect copyright.PENANAWyBwphCLAC
不過最意想不到嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAA9YSFv4Ruh
係竟然有飛機航班來往呢兩個城市105Please respect copyright.PENANA8MbsuN7TWQ
全程唔使5分鐘
歐洲佬對呢啲殖民地領土爭議並唔陌生105Please respect copyright.PENANAO7nyJv9SAe
其實免得過嘅話佢地都唔想為呢啲殖民地打仗105Please respect copyright.PENANA5x3teIB902
好似西班牙同葡萄牙簽署嘅《托爾德西里亞斯條約》同《薩拉戈薩條約》105Please respect copyright.PENANAgCrpUEsd1A
就令呢兩個世仇唔使為爭奪全球嘅殖民地而大動干戈105Please respect copyright.PENANAWQB0BZU5FP不過今次咁多玩家一齊喺同一個地方玩嘅話105Please respect copyright.PENANAznClmxKrvF
所牽涉利益嘅複雜性105Please respect copyright.PENANAgvscFuXyRS
就唔係呢啲雙邊條約可以處理到喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAhAmc6bYwjt
佢地急需坐埋一齊研究吓105Please respect copyright.PENANA4qbLK2oNpG
呢隻《瓜分非洲》105Please respect copyright.PENANAJFdRWrIBMM
究竟要有啲咩遊戲規則...105Please respect copyright.PENANAvXyAwlSFmL
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAhJCmdtRI0e
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAQtzhfFwZzp
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAg35F1BA5oa
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAkRbGTs9HL1
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAZdS6mgouRu
.105Please respect copyright.PENANA9ODjNljWZT
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAgOUWvlQiCe
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAfHADEimrft
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAWGfHJFLNMN
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAeyOBGtkVgC
.105Please respect copyright.PENANArPqcLGVWs6
.105Please respect copyright.PENANA0NMTdPXKbK
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAm7mWDzF9Kt
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAQILHO0cCOi
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAHmfL4t7HsV
.105Please respect copyright.PENANA3dtwtiqjke
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAJJJbIEtCFz
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAf08LtskPAh
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAiaZWo5XFRw
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAhLRa0i4KMI
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAIhuWF5F8c6
.105Please respect copyright.PENANARDWcnbZFAr
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAUCyVQGK0J0
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAyy3Sf5uEli
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAp2A8zrgIWl
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAIxMoN32Qbn
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAxzU0uxiioL
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAVLHbQ0vJUm
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAEFDGkJnVf7
.105Please respect copyright.PENANAlpiiCNwMGs
105Please respect copyright.PENANAjkk8yq1b5q
…唔使咁急喎105Please respect copyright.PENANAOUelInGDhK
食埋件餅先慢慢傾啦105Please respect copyright.PENANABJtOJCWjHh下一集《柏林盛宴》105Please respect copyright.PENANAIr4oToBPP7
就會講吓呢個喺後世惡名昭彰嘅柏林會議105Please respect copyright.PENANA1LbKIBByul
當中嘅來龍去脈喇