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純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
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例如喺1867年尾132Please respect copyright.PENANAmdI8O9CJLs
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥132Please respect copyright.PENANAded43IUNVP
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港132Please respect copyright.PENANAyRy9CCkc1i
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原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國132Please respect copyright.PENANAsHrgEDNkBO
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殖民主義又從何談起呢?
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嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦132Please respect copyright.PENANAccjlvf5ZH3
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
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喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中132Please respect copyright.PENANAOFLGSvSWeU
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就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好132Please respect copyright.PENANALIr2CoV5rJ
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攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦132Please respect copyright.PENANAybazAWESAF
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
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巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟132Please respect copyright.PENANAFXhnQM4E6G
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同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同132Please respect copyright.PENANAWt6xFgKa6z
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從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話132Please respect copyright.PENANAFHuh97AsNO
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠132Please respect copyright.PENANADwoEMT91wK
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咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張132Please respect copyright.PENANAmzyCo8wfgh
喺1880年尾開始132Please respect copyright.PENANA1gnToHQA8o
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構132Please respect copyright.PENANAQXVivgipOh
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1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;132Please respect copyright.PENANAUjeBqKB4Fs
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅132Please respect copyright.PENANAmA2ZzZb9pF
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就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
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不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫132Please respect copyright.PENANAInqJNeS3BJ
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呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權132Please respect copyright.PENANAfU6YiPoJk0
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫132Please respect copyright.PENANAwmjnlWDrLS
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇132Please respect copyright.PENANAs12AMwcdUh
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅132Please respect copyright.PENANAYLK276v0ep
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話132Please respect copyright.PENANA0qxMtDlepY
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務132Please respect copyright.PENANADqYv0Bd9Km
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店132Please respect copyright.PENANAeIa6ltalHW
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要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅132Please respect copyright.PENANAm9lhIAgmL7
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畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦132Please respect copyright.PENANAZqU151VoGl
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獲取足夠多嘅殖民地132Please respect copyright.PENANAFGTps838Vl
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽132Please respect copyright.PENANAsN4qWeKZZi
德國作為老三要做嘅132Please respect copyright.PENANAl3WOK9K79Y
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呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇132Please respect copyright.PENANA4Q10bxL7YE
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俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合132Please respect copyright.PENANAVu2HeTEKoA
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咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議132Please respect copyright.PENANAfsCAhchCQn
有越演越烈嘅趨勢132Please respect copyright.PENANAixC4TDI0ni
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又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟132Please respect copyright.PENANAqGN1HHynJN
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議132Please respect copyright.PENANApHhHCYhlx4
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地132Please respect copyright.PENANAqHitVskhge
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)132Please respect copyright.PENANAB1Ue67oB09
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整132Please respect copyright.PENANA4sJBuodg1r
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點132Please respect copyright.PENANAaObvmnxqID
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你132Please respect copyright.PENANA17kd0UuM20
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟132Please respect copyright.PENANA029Syhc1Nj
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓132Please respect copyright.PENANA5wwIPZRbMm
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最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸132Please respect copyright.PENANAaO1IHTEece
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家132Please respect copyright.PENANA2oUagvhbQn
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織132Please respect copyright.PENANAOS1KaT7I2F
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參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
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嗰時冇飛機132Please respect copyright.PENANAJ9bmfAWcM1
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與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人132Please respect copyright.PENANAQfbcGP4EPJ
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啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首132Please respect copyright.PENANAWMDHR9iVqm
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計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假132Please respect copyright.PENANAJyoH4Ao6US
總共開咗104日132Please respect copyright.PENANAO0A0MTiIGN
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結132Please respect copyright.PENANATDRMQAczqK
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)132Please respect copyright.PENANAuJPFjVFdQw
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喺嗰時對各國嚟講132Please respect copyright.PENANAH9mExwXaSv
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大132Please respect copyright.PENANAqtDn1WlLWV
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:132Please respect copyright.PENANAsIHzmkZhHJ
1)剛果盆地歸屬132Please respect copyright.PENANAhjmMkZTwIu
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關於第一個問題132Please respect copyright.PENANAf4jpPCesfv
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓132Please respect copyright.PENANAMBpZht8OHm
我就唔係呢度重覆喇132Please respect copyright.PENANA5R7nKAX02u
簡單重溫吓132Please respect copyright.PENANAc8c5ZvgAIj
當時各國已經知道132Please respect copyright.PENANA4lqPpw9Ruq
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼132Please respect copyright.PENANApD9BDD7cAU
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇132Please respect copyright.PENANALJPAFlBk7K
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畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地132Please respect copyright.PENANAauTJVQJmqh
對各國都有好處132Please respect copyright.PENANAXiCeHXF9Km
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作132Please respect copyright.PENANAKsgBfyc6in
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫132Please respect copyright.PENANAs8onFjD17e
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果132Please respect copyright.PENANAoASorfmngM
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸132Please respect copyright.PENANA9muRjkaZdf
而北岸就歸法國所有132Please respect copyright.PENANAnUxxOWJgcq
就係咁132Please respect copyright.PENANAvEolfGgqIH
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯132Please respect copyright.PENANATWxS01jrGn
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先132Please respect copyright.PENANADYV7G9k7RF
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議132Please respect copyright.PENANAOR6VpK7SJZ
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇132Please respect copyright.PENANAIk6mz5szI2
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議132Please respect copyright.PENANALaq1NoGUjE
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯132Please respect copyright.PENANAZcHjSTumOP
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先132Please respect copyright.PENANAggi13Kl6Zs
唔使咁心急住132Please respect copyright.PENANA4jwiLlp223
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇132Please respect copyright.PENANAuxfRVSWnHA
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題132Please respect copyright.PENANAaHBG7G8d52
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河132Please respect copyright.PENANAWJlStEZsu3
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道132Please respect copyright.PENANAjuDFotzdTR
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題132Please respect copyright.PENANAkXoCfIFVzT
其實就相對簡單132Please respect copyright.PENANAxFfGVFjok9
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易132Please respect copyright.PENANA7MUxKyQSBx
所以航行自由係必須嘅132Please respect copyright.PENANAMhXCAvhR0w
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地132Please respect copyright.PENANACpRe6Rpvoi
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益132Please respect copyright.PENANAx3JNrGpSNT
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯132Please respect copyright.PENANAicYJcqU3re
得得得你坐番低先132Please respect copyright.PENANAPxvbLgMwY3
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據132Please respect copyright.PENANA6K3olTqxQ6
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題132Please respect copyright.PENANABcz1noBjhG
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法132Please respect copyright.PENANACBzNgies6n
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後132Please respect copyright.PENANAvd7LRKnUcG
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔132Please respect copyright.PENANAmmF8LaLNJb
嗰度就歸佢132Please respect copyright.PENANAHQT9Gj3USt
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地132Please respect copyright.PENANA6o7zNyp56W
對後來者其實相當唔公平132Please respect copyright.PENANAgbAU3qqkEJ
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘132Please respect copyright.PENANA4BVfkmuh7j
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就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
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都劃晒畀佢132Please respect copyright.PENANAJRHNG3dIaw
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊132Please respect copyright.PENANAaYDiWla9gS
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
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邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度132Please respect copyright.PENANA8xxJ6tcVA9
以剛果河口為例132Please respect copyright.PENANARqjX0uePHw
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制132Please respect copyright.PENANAA6LP3Y9N7b
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件132Please respect copyright.PENANA2kROfvM5rA
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南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉132Please respect copyright.PENANABgzaAyUnRz
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議132Please respect copyright.PENANA4RV1q78Wdm
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英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒132Please respect copyright.PENANA7GuSN85YUo
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呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
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詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
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如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話132Please respect copyright.PENANAvp6vF4XacB
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”132Please respect copyright.PENANAtiuZDOd4fE
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兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己132Please respect copyright.PENANAAOqHTFqV9C
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而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
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自始成為一塊飛地132Please respect copyright.PENANArCOt3FFomK往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
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直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割132Please respect copyright.PENANAbhAxlBAGgh
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係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
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又點會理會同預料到呢
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非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
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2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
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自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
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下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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可以話係有今生冇來世
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呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲132Please respect copyright.PENANAWE3uW4qHG4
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當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時132Please respect copyright.PENANAtCqSDN38Fc
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡132Please respect copyright.PENANAbSmNF4iBao
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佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶132Please respect copyright.PENANA7TTOpH9qvp
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1890年3月22號132Please respect copyright.PENANAJwllWz3OMo
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由132Please respect copyright.PENANAtYqCMKqkDF
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威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
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最終走向大戰⋯⋯132Please respect copyright.PENANABcgyr9CWSv
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最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎132Please respect copyright.PENANACYURGTIvne
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令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對132Please respect copyright.PENANAFlXtdd6PGL
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又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
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