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純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
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北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥133Please respect copyright.PENANAey1j6F0qup
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港133Please respect copyright.PENANAuHAA1XCiC9
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停133Please respect copyright.PENANAU2E0czHfBw
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冇強大嘅海軍133Please respect copyright.PENANAERTpizI9n3
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
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嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦133Please respect copyright.PENANAF7kB9mYi6g
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
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傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國133Please respect copyright.PENANAcOUy2GBFdC
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國133Please respect copyright.PENANAWPvNKTk8zR
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啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦133Please respect copyright.PENANASfBwIY0RWf
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喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中133Please respect copyright.PENANAK5K6kC8iOE
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就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好133Please respect copyright.PENANAVb8H7avncU
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不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
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同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同133Please respect copyright.PENANApQm26ZlBv8
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就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠133Please respect copyright.PENANAoLxp4VtCWk
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咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張133Please respect copyright.PENANAR1hcd1EEQu
喺1880年尾開始133Please respect copyright.PENANAF1lKYvMheO
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構133Please respect copyright.PENANAsJEJf5l5Xw
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1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;133Please respect copyright.PENANAqKWvWC2HeG
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅133Please respect copyright.PENANAfPLvIDzwZj
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就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
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不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫133Please respect copyright.PENANA1aXNXyupkr
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呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權133Please respect copyright.PENANAX53FjNG4Uj
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫133Please respect copyright.PENANAGwNtArGFay
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇133Please respect copyright.PENANAltYgckqFYX
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅133Please respect copyright.PENANAvHkhscEBcB
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話133Please respect copyright.PENANAUTXEAfJoG1
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務133Please respect copyright.PENANAny0NzFu7QB
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店133Please respect copyright.PENANADLzCX8K9Us
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要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
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首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國133Please respect copyright.PENANAW8x8XUGlzE
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畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦133Please respect copyright.PENANAG5HYO4TBfs
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇133Please respect copyright.PENANAQ92hDjbq6D
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令德國喺短時間內133Please respect copyright.PENANADrNKpfGwOw
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地133Please respect copyright.PENANAoh4mbt7Tyg
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽133Please respect copyright.PENANAaDYMC7FjcY
德國作為老三要做嘅133Please respect copyright.PENANA4Z7edVf0bh
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呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇133Please respect copyright.PENANAjqxE8HiXzj
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俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合133Please respect copyright.PENANApcIFlIQJPs
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咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議133Please respect copyright.PENANAHZOlbc7fuj
有越演越烈嘅趨勢133Please respect copyright.PENANAsFQHuny72N
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙133Please respect copyright.PENANACYjJTC7UX8
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟133Please respect copyright.PENANAjXijY9Zhcf
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議133Please respect copyright.PENANACaEuABAcH1
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地133Please respect copyright.PENANASZxqRoGjln
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)133Please respect copyright.PENANAqwxlLbP5X4
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整133Please respect copyright.PENANA6LGj5A7997
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點133Please respect copyright.PENANAIy5Thwa0ua
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你133Please respect copyright.PENANAD3B18JsMHx
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟133Please respect copyright.PENANA09IndR4mAw
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓133Please respect copyright.PENANAGY9M2HixjH
都紛紛嚮應133Please respect copyright.PENANALjSPd9mN2B
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸133Please respect copyright.PENANAwCksZfC26X
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家133Please respect copyright.PENANAKtl06RGII3
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織133Please respect copyright.PENANAWli1Q4DV5e
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)133Please respect copyright.PENANAFv5sJhC5rb
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
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嗰時冇飛機133Please respect copyright.PENANAj6IbLMZXYy
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會133Please respect copyright.PENANAGU0sNwvW9k
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與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人133Please respect copyright.PENANAbEdgXE1xjd
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啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首133Please respect copyright.PENANAVFcEnRXkYN
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計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假133Please respect copyright.PENANAVDNdOnFdFd
總共開咗104日133Please respect copyright.PENANAP0CR6ktdfr
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結133Please respect copyright.PENANA7JUTGN6xq3
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)133Please respect copyright.PENANABPVFLY6rjj
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喺嗰時對各國嚟講133Please respect copyright.PENANABtoqVJQZar
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大133Please respect copyright.PENANA31fNQN7Omx
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:133Please respect copyright.PENANAUjhUzFBzWf
1)剛果盆地歸屬133Please respect copyright.PENANAJWtM3ZWWNF
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權133Please respect copyright.PENANAWcIV1pHYqy
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關於第一個問題133Please respect copyright.PENANAC2t4msqYpz
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓133Please respect copyright.PENANALBx9zboHPG
我就唔係呢度重覆喇133Please respect copyright.PENANA7a13jKu6v7
簡單重溫吓133Please respect copyright.PENANAUlboW9foUi
當時各國已經知道133Please respect copyright.PENANAi61TVX2RTH
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼133Please respect copyright.PENANAI4rO7ljbcd
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇133Please respect copyright.PENANA8ZJI55Nf1E
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畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地133Please respect copyright.PENANA0TNMFeS2R0
對各國都有好處133Please respect copyright.PENANAUVhU1YiCpH
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作133Please respect copyright.PENANAb1kSPElo8U
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫133Please respect copyright.PENANAoct99s6ffZ
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果133Please respect copyright.PENANABZVaN1H5dd
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸133Please respect copyright.PENANA4bVAFKop1d
而北岸就歸法國所有133Please respect copyright.PENANA4qA7ScLBU8
就係咁133Please respect copyright.PENANAAIEwNpx7tK
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯133Please respect copyright.PENANANImW1RzMQa
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先133Please respect copyright.PENANAQONER49ZZt
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議133Please respect copyright.PENANAcwMUcd5ZTJ
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇133Please respect copyright.PENANAwrjNa80TAp
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議133Please respect copyright.PENANAlC9TxcPVfZ
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯133Please respect copyright.PENANAzMGgROsyFu
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先133Please respect copyright.PENANAO1IMMUkk7z
唔使咁心急住133Please respect copyright.PENANAbF8AvFgZw2
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇133Please respect copyright.PENANAiM50zTNVyy
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題133Please respect copyright.PENANAbRYJdkazA6
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河133Please respect copyright.PENANAwF8cHYp3fr
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道133Please respect copyright.PENANA1PTl5Ssoyx
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題133Please respect copyright.PENANANb13Y5iJg4
其實就相對簡單133Please respect copyright.PENANAbGPdpfhTR4
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易133Please respect copyright.PENANA6UQHziUkLT
所以航行自由係必須嘅133Please respect copyright.PENANAqqU7oDzQQT
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地133Please respect copyright.PENANArxwtdF3r3c
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益133Please respect copyright.PENANAVSnOWA25uJ
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯133Please respect copyright.PENANAOo0lX4FQt5
得得得你坐番低先133Please respect copyright.PENANAXEsi110IqF
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據133Please respect copyright.PENANAK7H5L9IIQN
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題133Please respect copyright.PENANAJGDYRTQftR
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法133Please respect copyright.PENANAUd2AR4BymR
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後133Please respect copyright.PENANASkUdZIUJj3
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔133Please respect copyright.PENANA4IBp1JnAt4
嗰度就歸佢133Please respect copyright.PENANACG5LBqKbAF
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地133Please respect copyright.PENANAeGVzF4cTBs
對後來者其實相當唔公平133Please respect copyright.PENANAXnBciitQxS
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘133Please respect copyright.PENANAz0qkLQAFj3
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就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
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葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅133Please respect copyright.PENANABleO4hKUB0
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都劃晒畀佢133Please respect copyright.PENANAr8yVCohvzu
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊133Please respect copyright.PENANAy6mENsr8Cj
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
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而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇133Please respect copyright.PENANAOynJ6nrDSY
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大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?133Please respect copyright.PENANA3EFU1rhi5t
唔係㗎嘛133Please respect copyright.PENANAgVzL8W9FYS
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邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度133Please respect copyright.PENANAU0NHcjIeRt
以剛果河口為例133Please respect copyright.PENANA3HEpZpWUel
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制133Please respect copyright.PENANAlsGxCMFjIe
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件133Please respect copyright.PENANAQlrv2vi8Ll
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎133Please respect copyright.PENANA24tYnm6bsb
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會133Please respect copyright.PENANA5YP7dRwsNI
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉133Please respect copyright.PENANAJRj2N2UcNZ
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議133Please respect copyright.PENANAubfKXpmPf2
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不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面133Please respect copyright.PENANA4tzpsXiVfF
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒133Please respect copyright.PENANAw20m1GMIbb
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話133Please respect copyright.PENANATtwl9tu90n
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜133Please respect copyright.PENANAFgFRKMCu1r
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”133Please respect copyright.PENANA6kRhrV1cz7
是為非洲版過三關133Please respect copyright.PENANABFfhfA8KH5
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難133Please respect copyright.PENANAaVd5VBFTlv
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話133Please respect copyright.PENANAkFrdCcJrtv
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”133Please respect copyright.PENANAfKt2Tomqi6
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佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友133Please respect copyright.PENANAkZqzNpTdT2
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己133Please respect copyright.PENANAQ9mhyy8pjS
轉向支持國際剛果協會133Please respect copyright.PENANAbBocTRnWqn
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口133Please respect copyright.PENANADYwcqWr2dj
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而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割133Please respect copyright.PENANAwgf7IxVUCM
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自始成為一塊飛地133Please respect copyright.PENANAH64l0aHFTL往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判133Please respect copyright.PENANAIF6HRJ83Yk
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈133Please respect copyright.PENANAvVYmZWk1L3
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦133Please respect copyright.PENANArAnyYyH9jp
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可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生133Please respect copyright.PENANAZ6IvQEWAnd
冇錯133Please respect copyright.PENANAlp5d4DpsOl
唔只你地133Please respect copyright.PENANAPQOpq3ZUS8
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜133Please respect copyright.PENANAw48bTzYhbe
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言133Please respect copyright.PENANAKM2k3ZlHQb
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」133Please respect copyright.PENANACbZRnynoZB
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地133Please respect copyright.PENANAYRHc8zd0ZG
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割133Please respect copyright.PENANAV2I1RW4hNT
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益133Please respect copyright.PENANA40BYhepZKx
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼133Please respect copyright.PENANALSUltCggH5
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伴隨住呢啲分割嘅133Please respect copyright.PENANAZ82vnppYss
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界133Please respect copyright.PENANAcUsc2POlww
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊133Please respect copyright.PENANAve99wX6EPA
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咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭133Please respect copyright.PENANAF2eM3tpCag
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併133Please respect copyright.PENANA1dzmVdl2Ev
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動133Please respect copyright.PENANAktpZIiiEaq
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機133Please respect copyright.PENANABFAUBspPMM
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事133Please respect copyright.PENANAnWUBAs31Oj
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講133Please respect copyright.PENANAxYR6FW7zoc
又點會理會同預料到呢
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非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
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呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割133Please respect copyright.PENANAgRCr2TMYsH
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇133Please respect copyright.PENANAdVHir74DqY
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”133Please respect copyright.PENANATumFgd8dhR
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸133Please respect copyright.PENANAPOHK6zeMbk
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
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自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
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呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講133Please respect copyright.PENANAh7Dtj5JECS
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先133Please respect copyright.PENANAnoWuFbGPtx
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架133Please respect copyright.PENANAganu2OhDXI
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕133Please respect copyright.PENANAr9VPYXvmhc
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可以話係有今生冇來世
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呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲133Please respect copyright.PENANAjPFyoNGI9u
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當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時133Please respect copyright.PENANA17FYbLiMk7
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡133Please respect copyright.PENANAqU5XugXvV5
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佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶133Please respect copyright.PENANAgQDNuJyoLH
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1890年3月22號133Please respect copyright.PENANAxskhBGh9q0
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由133Please respect copyright.PENANA4LH83ZZApk
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威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
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最終走向大戰⋯⋯133Please respect copyright.PENANA0YmRVmkDWZ
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最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎133Please respect copyright.PENANAtCr1CZEkHD
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國133Please respect copyright.PENANAIIY7t1u6P1
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對133Please respect copyright.PENANANrAnN1hC3P
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又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
133Please respect copyright.PENANAe5dZVaBgHa
-完-
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