歸立治理武肺的手段,現時可分為疫苗、人造抗體、藥物以及各式化合物四大手段。687Please respect copyright.PENANA9gE53HRKGd
687Please respect copyright.PENANA1LjpNMLOpx
疫苗具「長遠」預防作用,但不能醫治已受感染的病人,而且年長人士亦有可能基於免疫系統已甚為衰退關係,沒能被疫苗誘導身體製造充夠份量的抗體。687Please respect copyright.PENANAK5m2s2lnaV
687Please respect copyright.PENANAg6eutE6Acp
人造抗體具有短期的預防及醫治效果,不受年齡界別所限,但預防的期限顯然會比疫苗為短。687Please respect copyright.PENANAB3BQ2ne6bs
687Please respect copyright.PENANATdChR5zVAe
藥物「理論上」沒有預防效用,但帶有醫治效果,暫時具認可能醫治武肺的藥物為Remdesivir (瑞德西韋)及Dexamethasone (地塞米松–超繽紛怪異的名字)。687Please respect copyright.PENANAo0QVNbSRC0
687Please respect copyright.PENANA5cm6hgVgyu
各式化合物的包括Solube ACE2及AngII等等,某程度上亦可界定為藥物。687Please respect copyright.PENANAsYMSf6qnIw
687Please respect copyright.PENANAPhmYnwUkPU
687Please respect copyright.PENANAXtDAXtJ6KD
上一個Post粗略講解過人造抗體的最新發展,今個Post將會講解藥物發展的最新狀況,尤其在老藥新用(Drug Repurposing)方面之上。687Please respect copyright.PENANAW1dYKVUNyP
687Please respect copyright.PENANAjoBtmSPbBU
抵抗武肺的黑馬–人造抗體687Please respect copyright.PENANA9wIkhskwWi
- 分享自 LIHKG 討論區687Please respect copyright.PENANANd6TKu4Dct
https://lih.kg/2141521687Please respect copyright.PENANA7CSqlJyXCV
687Please respect copyright.PENANAf2yF0qnbDD
老藥新用並唔係新穎概念,最為與人類生活相關的其中一隻,就係生髮洗頭水裡的Minoxidil。本來Minoxidil的主要用途為抗高血壓用,但輾轉之下發現竟然具有促進頭髮生長的效果,所以亦變成為增髮藥物之一。687Please respect copyright.PENANAakN64S7aZu
687Please respect copyright.PENANAaRfR13rrzb
事實上,用來醫治武肺的Remdesivir (瑞德西韋)原本是Gilead Science針對伊波拉病毒(Ebola)所研發的藥物,但結果並不理想。687Please respect copyright.PENANAMmn36W1PYx
後來Remdesivir被發現能夠有效抑制中東呼吸綜合征冠狀病毒(MERS)在在細胞上的繁殖,科學家便因而嘗試利用它來對抗武肺,發現同樣能抑壓武肺在細胞裡的繁殖。687Please respect copyright.PENANAFB2aIaRtqC
687Please respect copyright.PENANAtZjpmXDdf4
最近袁教授同美國嗰邊合作發表一份《Nature》文章,在約12000藥物中,搵到21隻能夠增強Remdesivir阻礙武肺生長的效果。(Ref1)687Please respect copyright.PENANAiz5K6nXtwN
換句話說,若果將21隻藥物內其中一隻與Remdesivir一同使用的話,就可以降低Remdesivir劑量濃度的同時亦能達到治理效果,變相能夠減低Remdesivir產生副作用的機會。687Please respect copyright.PENANARvX5Z8SIxm
687Please respect copyright.PENANA2KIJ6cuIR8
暫時來說,所有結果均來自實驗室細胞研究。687Please respect copyright.PENANAcgIb8OtzSj
如果兩隻藥一齊運用的話,會否真的是對人體產生正面作用,又或者會產生出新的副作用,仍是未知之數。687Please respect copyright.PENANABAoF8iw3Pn
687Please respect copyright.PENANAZixzM2Zqx8
不過現時當務之急是解決武肺,基本上所有事物都會「開捷徑」同步進行。而就在8月5日,一批科學家發批學術文章(Ref2)利用AI技術設立一套名為Synthia的軟件,更成功為11隻相信能醫治武肺的藥物找出一套更便宜更有效率的合成方法,方便藥廠商可以用更低的成本大量製造藥物(雖然廠商未必會因而調低價格,反之.......)。687Please respect copyright.PENANA73ocFJj68u
687Please respect copyright.PENANA7qu6gNGLil
只可惜的是,就算套用了他們的AI軟件,依然沒能找出一種比現時Gilead Science釀製Remdesivir的更好方法。687Please respect copyright.PENANA58rCPFhJ7R
687Please respect copyright.PENANAL7iY6XheN1
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2577-1687Please respect copyright.PENANACripnMpFZJ
Ref2:https://chemrxiv.org/articles/preprint/Reinforcing_the_Supply_Chain_of_COVID-19_Therapeutics_with_Expert-Coded_Retrosynthetic_Software/12765410
143
ns216.73.216.148da2