上兩集簡述了癌細胞缺氧的成因，以及缺氧導致癌細胞相對上更為依賴葡萄糖作新陳代謝用途。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrQEQlZ9CO4
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7rV5XN5TYy
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzWiXmhGCYn
三十秒科學–腫瘤的周遭環境627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuTumAeVK57
https://lih.kg/gFPfPS627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXngVYiEImp
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3XicJ0xf92
三十秒科學–癌細胞嗜糖的原因627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpX37k7Ciq3
https://lih.kg/2416199627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpSJ9V9c38s
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGdfX2fE2qu
今集我們會講述缺氧對癌細胞自身發展的其中一道好處。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy2QpBlZY8z
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwRsTwCEPC0
（圖2）當DNA出現異變的時候，細胞裡名為p53的蛋白質便會出手幫忙，號令細胞停止生長(Cell cycle arrest)，給予時間讓其他蛋白質幫忙協助修復DNA。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyxmAOLVjSP
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMWECaxfHhP
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSJTEUeDyjL
若果細胞最後還是無法處理修復DNA的工作，p53便會指示細胞趨向死亡程序(Apoptosis)。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRNjKQtk95g
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBfMQD2sWdC
腫瘤的出現，是無數DNA變異得出來的成果。因此在這方面來看，p53是防止癌細胞出現的好幫手，因為p53會確保細胞的DNA不會出現變異，或指令出現DNA變異的細胞消失。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfFKEEoSAnq
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAFfhBroYc6
但是，有一點非常矛盾的是，大部份普通細胞的p53蛋白質表達率非常低，它能否防止癌細胞出現這一點使人存疑。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8xhnejfaqK
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV9mNQOkzsx
（圖3）事實上，非常諷刺的是，氧氣含量越低的話，P53蛋白質的表達率便會越高。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC8qBvHlcKO
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFKkyJo1m8C
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGGVbX7c9KR
而在缺氧的環境下，擁有p53的蛋白質的細胞便會自動進行死亡。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsjvFubd26a
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWhhvKkQrd1
（圖4）重大的問題是，有部份缺氧的癌細胞會發展出變異版本的p53，失去原有的功能。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRwGvb8Dfxy
在缺氧施加的壓力下，擁有正常p53版本的細胞會一一死去，變相幫忙篩選出擁有變異版本p53的細胞，使它們逐漸成為大多數。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjrRywqPCs7
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeSDc0Z46hf
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVhSIdEar3O
而這些擁有變異版本p53的細胞，修復DNA的能力會大幅度被削弱，因而加劇了DNA變異速度，促成腫瘤繼續長大。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpTAubbE7Tj
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyj1wNbkcXi
（圖5）圖中為腫瘤形成的其中一道概論，癌細胞自製的缺氧環境，變相提供了一道挑選擁有更強DNA變異能力細胞的環境。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm0Pwhy4o6V
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQik1ulB1hz
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡedOu49Uc5g
現實中大部分的的癌細胞均擁有p53變異，而擁有p53變異的細胞更具抵抗化療藥物cis-platin的能力。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNyYboafJUI
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVuyRqkgOgw
除缺氧外，大陽的紫外光亦是促使p53變異的好幫手，不少皮膚癌細胞均出現至少一處的p53變異。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx2d1rnsx4i
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzeeG1Z31t5
那些不塗防曬便與陽光玩遊戲的人，一直是在玩命。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNwF5XTLjR5
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF6jHFooGHM
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCHASKcGtXc
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFvtjpxW4O8
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRmVdkYB4pI
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡscnrzny5dL
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdjmwAiSj7P
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOQAN9XuY0O
Link:627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡneMELRX55r
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKI8kHEwh9M
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeEz0kgK4tT
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡurhTbryJJN
除非Facebook及IG重開侵侵的account，否則我的IG將不會再作更新，只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM758gRH9ro
627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqHxLyNjyDe
Ref1:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8538748/627Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNg2geNOOCy
