雪櫃、冷氣機、水煲等等各電器不時都會散發出熱力。465Please respect copyright.PENANAaE25Rpzip8
如果將這些多餘的熱力轉化成為電力,便能夠更有效運用資源,不作浪費。465Please respect copyright.PENANAOC4Yb8VCpo
465Please respect copyright.PENANApmcvvvbeXy
465Please respect copyright.PENANAdX9mxTJzag
(圖2)繼續深入講解之前,我們先以非常簡單的方法概括一下發電的原理。465Please respect copyright.PENANAaYYkO6tIzO
465Please respect copyright.PENANAvTi4mX4TJ6
465Please respect copyright.PENANAc1OwLzFf91
只要電子在閉合電路單方向流動,就能促成電流,提供電力讓燈泡發光。465Please respect copyright.PENANA7w7JZmPBKf
465Please respect copyright.PENANA5Rh1Qdlg7k
(圖3)要把熱力有效轉化為電力,我們需要一樣能夠有效傳遞電子而同時又不會傳遞熱力的物料。465Please respect copyright.PENANA0sJFWjYay9
465Please respect copyright.PENANA8ysQlDrf05
有科學家最近發表文章(Ref1),利用化學物ferricyanide ion Fe(CN)6 –4作為媒體把熱力轉化為電力。465Please respect copyright.PENANAf4mP231ZKN
465Please respect copyright.PENANAvMQDi7pZWL
465Please respect copyright.PENANADA7T0DiXJR
選用Fe(CN)6 –4的原因基於其兩種特質。465Please respect copyright.PENANAt4aGIW5l7D
465Please respect copyright.PENANA7b7XKs0vOk
1.它遇冷(約攝氏20度左右)的時候,再加上Guanidinium ion的輔助下便會變成固體結晶。465Please respect copyright.PENANATvrRM141Tw
465Please respect copyright.PENANA7EtjccoBwC
2.它遇熱的時候會放出電子並成為Fe(CN)6 –3。465Please respect copyright.PENANAKlNcfugUXM
465Please respect copyright.PENANAcjmhbnOdVq
(圖4)以下就是利用熱力發電的精髓要點。465Please respect copyright.PENANAG1pbsLXpR7
465Please respect copyright.PENANAfmOPintGXL
465Please respect copyright.PENANAf8lNIXnANj
1.Fe(CN)6 –4遇上外間熱力(例如電器所散發出的熱力),因而會釋發電子並成為Fe(CN)6 –3。465Please respect copyright.PENANAQYuSKmvXNX
465Please respect copyright.PENANAOSexK4OfhT
2.電子在閉合電路走動,產生電流,讓燈泡發亮。465Please respect copyright.PENANAzTnexYdJOM
465Please respect copyright.PENANAfu36O7DyVp
3.電子到達另一端的凍金屬棒(約攝氏20度)後,從第1點所得來的Fe(CN)6 –3便會接收電子,變回Fe(CN)6 –4。465Please respect copyright.PENANAEuLZHAiyjt
465Please respect copyright.PENANAXBTO7HRQPr
4.Fe(CN)6 –4在Guanidinium ion的輔助下變成固體結晶。465Please respect copyright.PENANAEcJvkojU7z
固體相對上傳熱的能力比液體較弱,因而減低了熱金屬棒把熱力傳到凍金屬棒的效率,促使凍金屬棒及熱金屬棒維持著溫差。465Please respect copyright.PENANAzBgavqU62G
465Please respect copyright.PENANAWhZqz8avit
5.在地心吸力的影響下,固體結晶會趨往金屬棒那方。而在熱力的影響下,固體結晶變回液態Fe(CN)6 –4,重回第1點不斷循環。465Please respect copyright.PENANAslUyMPaumZ
465Please respect copyright.PENANA6l5ewiLpC9
綜合來說,科學家巧妙利用了Fe(CN)6 –4遇熱釋出電子的特點,以及遇冷配合Guanidinium結成固體、固體不易傳熱的特質,建造了有效傳遞電子而同時又不會有效傳遞熱力的物料。465Please respect copyright.PENANAkmYX8GWYJW
465Please respect copyright.PENANAOjXYfKBADA
(圖5)科學家在文中亦嘗試利用20個圖4的模組,在兩極維持50度的溫差下,提供電力予各用途之上。465Please respect copyright.PENANA9x990tyhC5
465Please respect copyright.PENANAOBa1WQx8Gu
465Please respect copyright.PENANAoS5Hvxs78y
現在需要解決的問題,就是找出收集多餘熱力的有效方法及物料,引導熱力到模組裡頭。465Please respect copyright.PENANADIF9R64MA9
文章作者表示現時已積極尋找物料,相信假以時日絕有可能會在市面見到收集電器熱力發電的設備。465Please respect copyright.PENANApeHHXYvXiL
465Please respect copyright.PENANAKE6pJYl7w3
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。465Please respect copyright.PENANA6y3Z5kFsxT
465Please respect copyright.PENANA74Obbmmaa2
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc465Please respect copyright.PENANAHr9mf51o1b
465Please respect copyright.PENANAYK2KCOdQch
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。465Please respect copyright.PENANAhzT66lzh2Y
465Please respect copyright.PENANAZ0H0H8AKB3
Link:465Please respect copyright.PENANABInkG97t9B
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio465Please respect copyright.PENANAH7Qfkx7vBL
465Please respect copyright.PENANAfxW3p1jdPc
465Please respect copyright.PENANAo1r156103K
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。465Please respect copyright.PENANAIqwpKIlP0O
465Please respect copyright.PENANAycdnw4xLEL
Ref1:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/09/09/science.abd6749465Please respect copyright.PENANAjGJDA0Jxqf