隨著細胞的基因變異一直累積，正常細胞形成癌細胞的機會亦會相應提升。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkXgoWLepav
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnWJG7s6n0U
但細胞是否只需要基因變異這一個誘因便能夠轉化為癌細胞呢？567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQFrjaRX4x5
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsAhkzDw2By
這一方面還有一定程度的斟酌空間。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpkz7MNgsQw
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVc99CJg2wu
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGJ5TWjQcjl
舉例來說，NOTCH1基因變異被認定為是推進食道細胞轉化成為癌細胞的其中一個原因。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSWepiFvagi
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡacvEFN3ZFn
但在長者的健康食道細胞裡頭，約有30-80%的細胞均擁有NOTCH1基因變異，而他們身體並沒有出現及發生食道癌。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkEck7JRYzC
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtpCr1ktIqt
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2w6XPtmxXz
（圖2）而在老鼠實驗方面，單憑服用DMBA (引致Hras基因變異)或Croton oil(引致發炎效用，不會促進基因變異)的話，並不會引起癌細胞的出現。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTnnd58TA5h
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3F5ZSBuymt
唯獨兩者以先後的方式給予老鼠的話，癌細胞才會有所形成。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYnKiHw1403
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmnFG2S4dBC
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAC9mLQYJR2
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw6mVesX7fl
這不禁讓科學家開始思考一道問題，是否基因變異再加上某種特定條件，就可以促進癌細胞形成呢？567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGPeUXfE8aQ
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHYWxWGN2QG
（圖3）為解答這個問題，英國開始了名為Mutographs的計劃，567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI062hfy5x9
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2RpTprYeZg
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw1rQvqL16I
集5大洲超過5000個病人的癌細胞基因圖譜(主要集中在食道、大腸、腎臟及胰臟癌)，567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡucOMIK6a5R
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhi3efUcTLG
同時比對病人的日常習慣(食用習慣、酒精飲用、熱飲喜好等等)，567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4ZM0uEzMh
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9dUSgj29pB
其中一個目標就是想找出哪一種特殊條件配上某一個基因變異會特別容易促進癌細胞的形成。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgzsotFA92I
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOvAglBYmb0
若然能得出確切的結果並附上內裡的細胞機制支持的話，這將會為預防癌症形成的領域作出重大的貢獻。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCiVUTBgzZF
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1QODcOKb6o
以上的資料均取自Ref1。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxPOZHBtKQp
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw9oVG3WO5z
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvI5vQag8ru
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFdUSx04cOn
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpdzrckE1tI
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX7BivobFdf
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhV4d6VAKkG
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDCFarTSVwL
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwbO3fwmIPE
Link:567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc3WKD7bX6S
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyZNbuTrcYg
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd4d4MCR0xu
567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw3IvkBHaWF
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFlYgFc8Efl
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https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/567Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXAuwweuH5T
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-020-00727-5
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