隨著細胞的基因變異一直累積，正常細胞形成癌細胞的機會亦會相應提升。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Tc3TuuMBL
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV9NQQp0oak
但細胞是否只需要基因變異這一個誘因便能夠轉化為癌細胞呢？588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPyYRD7h0cI
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHdBXlyv8kc
這一方面還有一定程度的斟酌空間。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTsogNUC1og
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1kEThljqUt
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb6y8EoT9GF
舉例來說，NOTCH1基因變異被認定為是推進食道細胞轉化成為癌細胞的其中一個原因。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3jSo4fYAwj
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP6mkvNDOLn
但在長者的健康食道細胞裡頭，約有30-80%的細胞均擁有NOTCH1基因變異，而他們身體並沒有出現及發生食道癌。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi3WzUwvrZy
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBzGPpMYKub
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxd6YxDr3x5
（圖2）而在老鼠實驗方面，單憑服用DMBA (引致Hras基因變異)或Croton oil(引致發炎效用，不會促進基因變異)的話，並不會引起癌細胞的出現。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBbgVcLmZhs
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQaz2OK1OjN
唯獨兩者以先後的方式給予老鼠的話，癌細胞才會有所形成。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEPdACi6rLs
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588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJPOaZrhkU7
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyvE8flWiOC
這不禁讓科學家開始思考一道問題，是否基因變異再加上某種特定條件，就可以促進癌細胞形成呢？588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5C3SEHkEsE
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlTEb2lOgDN
（圖3）為解答這個問題，英國開始了名為Mutographs的計劃，588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk6OQFPoxkc
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhBsCJegorW
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0hPmPrDend
集5大洲超過5000個病人的癌細胞基因圖譜(主要集中在食道、大腸、腎臟及胰臟癌)，588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbmzZ0WaVbM
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAXmmpXtMhV
同時比對病人的日常習慣(食用習慣、酒精飲用、熱飲喜好等等)，588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJBROw2VLDC
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMig6HkCTSs
其中一個目標就是想找出哪一種特殊條件配上某一個基因變異會特別容易促進癌細胞的形成。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO9KJCO8Si4
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ65hvBJcUXP
若然能得出確切的結果並附上內裡的細胞機制支持的話，這將會為預防癌症形成的領域作出重大的貢獻。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHLX6OuSdCT
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMQb4dIpwYO
以上的資料均取自Ref1。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHWKdZbzbpC
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlwD0ZsxoIC
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmzpm90DY1Z
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4plB3M8vyJ
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNGkfywDnsW
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3Tf48FgWGt
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRt96B462cm
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Link:588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEzW67nFxkW
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXQWvSnTkHB
588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkJa5PVt1FK
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw8XxUbBqvu
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https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/588Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEkAlYI6ZiF
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-020-00727-5
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