季節性流感造成全球每年約290,000-650,000人的死亡。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWPYye41EKT
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQxnUih5Opy
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡst1x5yS0IQ
流感病毒接近每年均會出現變種，基於現時並無統一疫苗對抗各品種，所以很多時候在翌年便要轉換對應的疫苗。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOpB0swwGyV
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqJ587kJ453
(圖2)流感病毒外部、名為HA的部份，將主宰病毒能否進入人體細胞裡頭。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEhdjP8PV4c
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzwd8UjxY8E
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOo15FwQqZv
流感病毒的變異較常出現在頭部位置(Head)，而現時疫苗的設計亦主要針對HA的頭部位置。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsru1IqxsiA
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaVVwrSd0lD
其目標是希望人們注射疫苗後，體內會產生對應HA頭部位置的抗體，阻止病毒進入人體細胞繼而作惡。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKgSdzLIwq7
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVQDqrUZoQU
(圖3)另一方面來想，流感病毒變種就如不同顏色的花朵一樣。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuSh9T1RULT
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIEnhJ7inyW
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVoZ728o0Qb
雖然花朵各有不同，但莖部位置則大同小異。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡryVWpHqm0X
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz3DH7rBkdk
(圖4)基於Stalk位置(花朵莖部位置)的變異成數較細，現時科學家正研發針對Stalk位置的疫苗(Ref1)，希望可以透過一款疫苗對抗多款流感變種。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLZNYUBQq5C
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXWejVJsVys
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeSgjHAQXDI
這類型的疫苗現時已進入Phase1狀態，人體試驗找來了51名人士，注射疫苗後體內亦得出相應的大量抗體。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDxBI8rFW5e
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGDHe8GNovQ
而日後所進行的人體試驗，將會能夠獲取資料測量疫苗能否達到預防流感之效。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuZjOjUfSC0
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuPh1vLB2AV
若安全性、效率等等均達到合理水平的話，將來不但之可以不用經常轉換疫苗款式，亦能大大減低疫苗與當下流感款式不吻合的機會，皆大歡喜。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVssbOtmfVV
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4eGcah3iUz
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz6TSncEFaG
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxh47XlDJYV
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfg8r4utJ8O
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp718aIEKL1
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV0FgTUVnin
Link:807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyqIIbEFJSn
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ38VIRGrufW
807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbMKLDjQ5cM
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgKytnbpCzu
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https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvjILbw605F
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1118-7807Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv2fLsIxmOs
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