癌細胞逃避免疫細胞追殺的手段何其之多,除了較早前提及的PD1/PD1L手段之外,他們亦會用上民建聯蛇齋餅糉的手段應對免疫細胞。485Please respect copyright.PENANARZj0t8A9U3485Please respect copyright.PENANAGtBm4Qli60
485Please respect copyright.PENANAe9ZEpAilii
PD1/PD1L手段:https://lih.kg/gzGnLS485Please respect copyright.PENANAn7DQrFTg52
485Please respect copyright.PENANAEswEiAqowo
485Please respect copyright.PENANAqSVqWmSdP7
(圖2)癌細胞(尤其是腦癌)會表達大量的TDO蛋白酶,TDO蛋白酶會將從外來吸取的氨基酸Tryptophan代謝成為Kynureine;485Please respect copyright.PENANAr7T5CTIA0M
整個代謝過程是在癌細胞的內部發生。485Please respect copyright.PENANA7qnSCdvipI485Please respect copyright.PENANAMjXxESfZHY
485Please respect copyright.PENANAwDb2RXb4ka
(圖3)癌細胞可以自用Kynurenine來觸發AhR蛋白質,輔助自己的生長。485Please respect copyright.PENANADJEUZiw86S
485Please respect copyright.PENANAWICEDXBqjn
同時間,癌細胞亦可將Kynurenine排出四周,而當周遭的免疫細胞吸取Kynurenine後,他們殲滅癌細胞的能力便會下降。485Please respect copyright.PENANAYbsQkI1nzW
485Please respect copyright.PENANAQfIWmCuL1k
亦即是說,當免疫細胞獲取癌細胞所提供的蛇齋餅糉(Kynurenine)後,隨之便會被成功收買,不再侵襲癌細胞。485Please respect copyright.PENANAZ5mQoYC3hv
485Please respect copyright.PENANANnXIafgieB
(圖4)除Kynurenine外,二噁英亦能觸發AhR蛋白質,為癌細胞締造一道美好的生存環境。485Please respect copyright.PENANAcsHEYENoqC
485Please respect copyright.PENANAB5OUefhsVs
485Please respect copyright.PENANAxYPjn7UgOr
現今有不少癌症藥物正試圖阻隔AhR蛋白質的觸發來消滅癌症,但亦有證據指出過度阻隔AhR蛋白質有機會反而助長癌細胞的生長,以及引發不良的過敏炎症。485Please respect copyright.PENANAk6AaOkJESg
485Please respect copyright.PENANAGnsQ4XRcT8
除研發阻隔AhR蛋白質藥物外,亦有一道方向是研發藥物減低周遭的Kynurenine濃度,減低癌細胞弱化周遭免疫細胞的能力。485Please respect copyright.PENANApxxyNK99oq
485Please respect copyright.PENANAhHPKxdmOxV
若然成功,或許能配合現有的免疫治療PD1方法加強效果,消滅癌症。485Please respect copyright.PENANAkrKkwsZBq1
485Please respect copyright.PENANAPcAZ0m6quZ
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。485Please respect copyright.PENANAuhSmkwfvKS
485Please respect copyright.PENANAHW4Uc1zl5R
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc485Please respect copyright.PENANAzeOM8vozIx
485Please respect copyright.PENANAXHv8rZeRKO
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。485Please respect copyright.PENANAChMRFBfpqn
485Please respect copyright.PENANAzKD814rn1T
Link:485Please respect copyright.PENANAFStE1dWZfZ
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio485Please respect copyright.PENANADZ8o6hWQi4
485Please respect copyright.PENANACSXV5NpsC9
485Please respect copyright.PENANADOMjr79UA1
基於WhatsApp/Facebook等問題,IG將不會再作更新,只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。485Please respect copyright.PENANAGHB9qYZ50p
485Please respect copyright.PENANAhb8Kw8n6sS
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10491485Please respect copyright.PENANAgzSIFD1iDd
Ref2:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165614717302249485Please respect copyright.PENANAnfvPFb8xwX