全球約有2000種植物含有物質可揮發成為山埃氣體,南北杏就是其中的兩種。671Please respect copyright.PENANAk2SV2YwpJB671Please respect copyright.PENANAGjisvxYy3N
南杏仁又稱之為甜杏仁(sweet apricot kernel),而北杏仁則為苦杏仁(bitter apricot kernel)。671Please respect copyright.PENANAfbeFLiHuHy
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相對上,南杏仁的毒性比北杏仁遠之為低。671Please respect copyright.PENANANVFbBoFrIo
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(圖2)南北杏內含化學物質扁桃苷(Amygdalin),以及能夠分解扁桃苷並釋放出山埃的酵素。671Please respect copyright.PENANAN4VGTgFcqJ671Please respect copyright.PENANALm5dFTeDBq
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在正常情況下,扁桃苷及能夠分解它的酵素就像是牛郎及織女一樣被分隔開兩地。671Please respect copyright.PENANAiz38IDlgyr
而當我們嘴嚼南北杏的時候,其內部結構便會有所破壞,酵素亦得以與扁桃苷接觸,並釋發出對人體有害的山埃物質;671Please respect copyright.PENANApZK775QExQ
與此同時,胃酸及腸道細菌亦有能力將扁桃苷分解成為山埃。671Please respect copyright.PENANAb5Mtg4qThS
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(圖3)每克北杏仁大概含有26 ± 14 mg扁桃苷,而每克南杏仁則大概含有0.16 ± 0.09 mg扁桃苷。671Please respect copyright.PENANAe0DyFTFpGK671Please respect copyright.PENANA9XhDBlXSPK
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基於北杏所含的扁桃苷比南杏為高,因此相對上北杏在體內釋放出的山埃亦會較多。671Please respect copyright.PENANAR7zIOlc9oS
山埃能夠抑制細胞產生能源的機制,對於經常性需要使用能源的心臟及大腦尤其傷害為深。671Please respect copyright.PENANAFTuUqXZFGy
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口服山埃致命量為0.56mg/體重kg,以一個重80 kg的暴力警察為例,他口服44.8mg山埃後便會中毒致死。671Please respect copyright.PENANAX8VhsVNw8j
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每457克的扁桃苷約可釋出26克的山埃,以北杏每克含有40mg扁桃苷作計算的話,80 kg的暴力警察攝取多少克北杏便會中毒身亡呢?671Please respect copyright.PENANAb7djjVZ0yK
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如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。671Please respect copyright.PENANAJ7B7dxY90W
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。671Please respect copyright.PENANAvDm0PKEhcE
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https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio671Please respect copyright.PENANAFOoqzkK4t4
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除非Facebook及IG重開侵侵的account,否則我的IG將不會再作更新,只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。671Please respect copyright.PENANA11BeYXl0RF
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Ref1:https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4424671Please respect copyright.PENANAYpyqFGwrTe
Ref2:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02772248.2015.1030667
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