白內障是糖尿病引發出的一種常見徵狀,而箇中的因由,事實上是與我們日常生活息息相關的。397Please respect copyright.PENANA49T2o9bAtz397Please respect copyright.PENANAK3PykJiCnd
397Please respect copyright.PENANAqoJSIhXmbJ
(圖2)我們眼睛的Lens部位之所以呈透明,主要是因為裡頭一種名為Crystallin的蛋白質所致。397Please respect copyright.PENANA9N3XTJR4nr397Please respect copyright.PENANAnESEiXgZOD
397Please respect copyright.PENANA7e1gFDKIXi
氨基酸組合成一起的話,我們會稱之為蛋白質。397Please respect copyright.PENANApJUqUnMXJ4
397Please respect copyright.PENANAKGu6ae9YRV
而糖尿病所引起的白內障,就是糖份與Crystallin蛋白質的氨基酸產生反應,形成淡黃色的物質所致。397Please respect copyright.PENANAH4Cj37cVYu
397Please respect copyright.PENANAWOusNCt2Cu
(圖3)氨基酸與某類別的糖份在高溫處理下,便會產生啡色物質及帶有香味等等的化學物,這個過程又稱之為梅納反應 (Maillard reaction);397Please respect copyright.PENANA3zmdNzZiVp
397Please respect copyright.PENANAE4WDCQx8xq
雖然梅納本人發佈梅納反應結果的時候,隻字沒有提及過會在食物上產生。397Please respect copyright.PENANAsScfzW1JPf397Please respect copyright.PENANAlQkm2luiyV
397Please respect copyright.PENANA65bJb4EunF
而糖尿病白內障的形成,原理跟梅納反應非常接近,同樣是血糖與Crystallin氨基酸產生啡黃色物質所致。397Please respect copyright.PENANAQAzz4W6TAQ
397Please respect copyright.PENANAmlrGgDR3OA
不同的是,白內障整個過程是長期在37度裡頭發生,而我們日常煮食/焗麵包/燒烤的溫度大多情況下會比37度為高,故此眼睛產生啡黃色物質的速度亦比較緩慢。397Please respect copyright.PENANAvMYmX0PVw4
397Please respect copyright.PENANASdxv2gLdJn
有科學家亦曾嘗試將牛及人類的眼睛晶片放在陰暗位置的糖水裡10個月,其分離出的淡黃色物質,跟患有白內障的眼睛晶片所分離出的是一模一樣。397Please respect copyright.PENANAgwE7PsQmk4
397Please respect copyright.PENANA7114LkulkP
397Please respect copyright.PENANAolvtn7Qs7r
397Please respect copyright.PENANA0rEwEVuh0z
蛋白質產生出來後,細胞會有機制會將其毀滅,然後再產生新的蛋白質;397Please respect copyright.PENANAgfx6vsiVnr
尤其是蛋白質出現不正常的改變或損毀的時候,這過程尤為重要。397Please respect copyright.PENANAvK3hwUcRF2
397Please respect copyright.PENANAY8MoHTPhry
而眼睛晶片的Crystallin蛋白質,因為天生屬於「毀滅然後再生」極為緩慢的一群,因此就算遭受到糖份改造,細胞亦沒能作出處理及更正。397Please respect copyright.PENANAczlUYPjHHo
397Please respect copyright.PENANAlTUEj5T1YL
397Please respect copyright.PENANAzY5h59bDob
除眼睛晶片外,紅血球亦是遭受糖份梅納反應影響的一群。因此很多時候,某類別被糖份改造的紅血球含量會成為探測糖尿病的指標。397Please respect copyright.PENANAOsU1SwMtFS
397Please respect copyright.PENANAWVKani8vHJ
397Please respect copyright.PENANAWD8QKKGCkO
397Please respect copyright.PENANADDgs3WiBH4
397Please respect copyright.PENANATLxULU3Tph
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。397Please respect copyright.PENANA74HbNa8VQ1
397Please respect copyright.PENANABGbTFLqIxW
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc397Please respect copyright.PENANA1fjRXgSQyW
397Please respect copyright.PENANAhl8xP5sLH2
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。397Please respect copyright.PENANAB1smCtXKAx
397Please respect copyright.PENANAMXzUVhXulN
Link:397Please respect copyright.PENANArrH2V4YJaw
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio397Please respect copyright.PENANAcfwGaSTUeJ
397Please respect copyright.PENANASVanaD6bVf
397Please respect copyright.PENANADvoG3qvKMI
除非Facebook及IG重開侵侵的account,否則我的IG將不會再作更新,只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。397Please respect copyright.PENANAy4A9XJAWSF
397Please respect copyright.PENANAA0FcL4T4OG
Ref1:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/anie.201308808397Please respect copyright.PENANAk9rhoXOf8u
Ref2:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/211/4481/491/tab-pdf397Please respect copyright.PENANAvYbA5CSHZS