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上一篇的深入淺出講述了人體的體味，緊接以來的這一篇將會講述一下大自然界的「體味」互動。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPbnZyj4GoK
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適者生存，弱肉強食，一向被喻為大自然界的法則。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrEoqsM4bWC
植物作為食物鏈的最底層，大多時候也逃不過被食物鏈上層生物侵食的局面。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLbt0wNAC5P
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圖1為毛蟲獵食樹葉的畫面，這棵植物並不是捕蠅草系列，看起上來的確沒有任何反擊或防禦的手段，任人魚肉。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPePDOzB51p
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但實情其實並非如此。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuDz2l8zeWJ
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圖2為椿象從後出現，反過來獵食毛蟲的畫面。然而，椿象的出現並不是偶然，而是植物暗中「召喚」而來的。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHioiiapjvC
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圖3，當樹葉收到傷害的時候，它們會即時釋放出一堆統稱為 Green Leave Volatiles(GLV)的化合物（Ref1)，這個情況下，毛蟲的口水包含著一些物質，會將這些GLV化合物由Z形態轉化成為E形態；143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJw8yoCYsPu
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這物質究竟是甚麼，科學家暫時還沒清楚，只是知道該物質在高溫下便會失效。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEyufXECLFw
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Z形態及E形態是化學用詞，用在描述化學物的形態。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf518fnVX6i
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強硬來說的話，Z形態就是用胡蘿蔔當作雙耳、樹枝當作雙手的雪人。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbWKd7ybLy7
而E形態就是用樹枝當作雙耳、胡蘿蔔當作雙手的雪人。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡySc7bqzDF0
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大家所組成的元素均是一樣，但位置上卻有著不同的地方。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxSLJ979wh9
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我並沒有能力再以更深入淺出的方式解釋，有興趣的話可以自行Google。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7HPhqpbR65
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圖4）對於椿象來說， E形態的GLV是一種非常強大的吸引劑，亦因而被吸引前來，反咬毛蟲。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrsV20OZxl7
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所以整件事情的來龍去脈，就是毛蟲傷害樹葉的時候，其口水觸化樹葉裡頭的摔發性化學物轉變，其轉變的化合物吸引捕食毛蟲的獵人前來，因而「間接」地救了樹葉一命。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3hpgIOoIu6
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在這裡必須強調的是，這種關係是物種針對性的。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg54wzBEdOf
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科學家在一篇學術文章（Ref1)證實，若果毛蟲品種並不是圖1列明的那一個品種，其口水是不會觸發樹葉化合物Z到E的轉變。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPUEeFUMsMm
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植物是否會用不同的方式應付不同品種的入侵者，這暫時還是未知之數。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBe9Ia3dMM5
但至少圖1-4的物種互動已有科學證據支持，由此已經可以看得出大自然物種之間的互動是絕非簡單的。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfiGhkQ7Lhq
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz8g9unMnus
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOxfu89RCgk
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHmqMDthuCc
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https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK0bAQGBkt5
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有興趣接收科普資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMhjejj8pcX
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Ref1:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/329/5995/1075143Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZpuTd5u6JB
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