腫瘤內有一小部份的細胞被稱之為Cancer Stem Cells(CSC),他們對於腫瘤的發展有著莫大的功用。602Please respect copyright.PENANA1A0TSYufYv602Please respect copyright.PENANA6mPMokmLAT
化療過後,大部份的癌細胞均會被殲滅,而很多時候只剩下這些CSC能夠生存;602Please respect copyright.PENANA9wYXBaBMUs
學術界大多數會稱呼這現象為Minimal Residual Disease。602Please respect copyright.PENANAiJhNxVVV6W
602Please respect copyright.PENANAm53IGULyZp
這些一息尚存的CSC會在某一刻再度發展出新的腫瘤,而與之前腫瘤不同的是,他們會展現出抗藥性,較早前所用的化療藥物再不會對他們見效。602Please respect copyright.PENANAYWQbvFiQNz
602Please respect copyright.PENANAxxgUNTYp3o
正因如此,現今有不少針對CSC研究一直進行中,希望可以找出辦法消滅這些CSC。602Please respect copyright.PENANAmGZSAY2qGy
602Please respect copyright.PENANANwvhbJ6oPm
602Please respect copyright.PENANAkUueDkm6AK
(圖2)CSC之所以非常之難消滅,原因就是他有各式各樣的機制躲避化療追擊,如陳同佳這天下大仆街一樣詭計多端。602Please respect copyright.PENANAp9DSSUkAaY602Please respect copyright.PENANAbxt5GLRMg0
602Please respect copyright.PENANA1NpiXA7tni
其中一例就是CSC會產生名為ABCG2的蛋白質,這些ABCG2蛋白質有著將化療藥物排出細胞體外的效果,導致化療藥物無法長期留在細胞內,大幅度失去藥效。602Please respect copyright.PENANAJzuV1n45Nm
602Please respect copyright.PENANA2tXy7IbDnE
(圖3)有科學家發現(Ref1),名為SMAR1蛋白質有抑制ABCG2產生的功效。亦即是說,SMAR1蛋白質含量越低的話,ABCG2就越容易能夠生產出來。602Please respect copyright.PENANAoencHEqSgl
602Please respect copyright.PENANAxGgBtSY57E602Please respect copyright.PENANArnwup8brpK
602Please respect copyright.PENANAnJiUxtirmO
602Please respect copyright.PENANAwTDjrOuXnp
而CSC內有兩隻名為OCT4及SOX2的蛋白質,他們能夠抑制SMAR1的蛋白質產生,導致ABCG2更容易產生出來,令細胞更容易將藥物排出體外。602Please respect copyright.PENANAQDxtib0O4V
602Please respect copyright.PENANAGyXcox1nuX
602Please respect copyright.PENANA1BmfuZ3gXt
(圖4)尋覓已知資料一輪後,阿斯匹靈為已證實可抑制OCT4及SOX2蛋白質的藥物,同時亦不會被ABCG2有效排出。602Please respect copyright.PENANAUdc9Ee5fTc602Please respect copyright.PENANAZeZ6SXPLEH
602Please respect copyright.PENANAj1cIUuR0pP
這裡無疑會產生一道詢問,若果利用阿斯匹靈抑制ABCG2的產生,同時再加上化療藥物的話,會否是殺死CSC的一道妙計呢?602Please respect copyright.PENANAwbfRzowU3v
602Please respect copyright.PENANARuaVezCQhn
602Please respect copyright.PENANAxhHUJYxZwV
(圖5)在老鼠實驗中,同時用上阿斯匹靈及化療藥物Doxorubicin的話,的確可以令腫瘤大幅度縮小。602Please respect copyright.PENANAgJHeafGZR5602Please respect copyright.PENANAstAnOcKHJB
602Please respect copyright.PENANArN7K5QZhOC
但在這實驗中,單獨用上阿斯匹靈已能導致腫瘤縮小,而且文章亦沒有確實證據指出腫瘤縮小的原因是否因為少了CSC的緣故。602Please respect copyright.PENANAXNVwkmt6Pp
602Please respect copyright.PENANAQzs9DMLgEf
雖有理論證據在背後支持,但用上阿斯匹靈輔助化療效果的理論還需要確實的實驗結果再作進一步的證實。602Please respect copyright.PENANAwylvfIsyHX
602Please respect copyright.PENANAi4ukJg7Wqm
602Please respect copyright.PENANAQR759ugGNY
到底阿斯匹靈輔助化療效果的理論得以確實先,還是陳同住到台灣自首先呢?602Please respect copyright.PENANANN7LlGZo3C
602Please respect copyright.PENANAu0C7O2FYbQ
答案呼之欲出!602Please respect copyright.PENANAx0CsoZWS3N
602Please respect copyright.PENANAZHKQRpHb94
602Please respect copyright.PENANATxEs1TNlit
602Please respect copyright.PENANAHrHvj6wrZM
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。602Please respect copyright.PENANANEOSWnv7dK
602Please respect copyright.PENANAWy2KkYeYre
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc602Please respect copyright.PENANAMt2XFowJqu
602Please respect copyright.PENANAv4jhO6I6LM
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。602Please respect copyright.PENANA1MEd224RR3
602Please respect copyright.PENANAXR0NVNpkDp
Link:602Please respect copyright.PENANA7xrPcLWR3Y
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio602Please respect copyright.PENANA3AYd9Eu3lp
602Please respect copyright.PENANAtgwpynFStU
602Please respect copyright.PENANA6KRKsgicx5
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。602Please respect copyright.PENANAALhzOmYEil
602Please respect copyright.PENANABPWwe5jnkd
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/602Please respect copyright.PENANAoyOWrLxPvd
602Please respect copyright.PENANA6kUhbiGJa4
Ref1:https://stke.sciencemag.org/content/13/654/eaay6077602Please respect copyright.PENANA1Y2dp8Kkqn