日常家中的污水，會排放至污水處理廠作淨化處理。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAvf4UFoP6w
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWDfk4wTArx
但你有沒有想過，污水其實包含著各式各樣的資料呢?586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvyhvGUtPtX
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvvOMUJt6Fz
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr6VuvdHvwT
（圖2）圖中的星星為北京市的中心，而八個英文字母的所在地則為污水處理廠的位置。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSNPfI0izdQ
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtvbuCkq2hM
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAw0Wp1gEMr
有科學家特意從八道污水處理廠拿取未經處理過的污水，檢測裡頭的抗生素濃度（Ref1)，初心是因為出自於人民對抗生素使用的認知不足。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsWNYqkfXdn
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡezDtvxcr08
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiyM0uAUBft
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡknGXtHnpmG
（圖3）中國在2017年對11,192個大學生作問卷調查，發現586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUWxiXC5V16
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCoyJRLxgt1
41%學生認為服食抗生素能夠加快流感治癒速度、586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZjWfKTtHdG
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmTvs4H6zGC
63%學生的家中有抗生素儲備，586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRiHiXJTuVD
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmglwDgmwLu
56%學生未經醫生許可購買抗生素。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwgmyA28gjO
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbghHZhKpCN
其中913個學生中，有66%因報告疑似流惑徵狀而獲發抗生素。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJntdMuy1ml
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE8wr95Bedq
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW4s3AjV5Wq
流感是由病毒引起，抗生素並不會有助治療，反之濫用抗生素只會助長細菌建立抗性，百害而無一利。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVIqBkADrDa
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2BZxuZdQJL
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVAhO4nW9TU
（圖4）各種抗生素最終會有部份從排泄物的方式排出體外。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡti7ExxN4qW
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ906QxHe0KR
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡURT2q7KK2k
而基於各污水處的污水的Ammonium(銨)與附近的住宅人口調查成正比的關係，只要將抗生素在污水中的濃度與人體新陳代謝的比率作出調整，然後再除Ammonium的濃度，就可以獲得各地區市民服用抗生素的大概狀況。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsDrkrupENz
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMrDsYY9rLp
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlqJLjXMGmI
（圖5）最後計算結果為:586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡagMyC2VXvc
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB8UdNTXj8x
北京市每1萬人口每日服用約21.9克的抗生素。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxnkI8GeslT
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRRrpZiZPvT
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQNw7HRF0aj
文中作者聲稱，此數據比早前的數據低出70%，判斷中國推行抗生素管理政策後非常有效。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3Cxmro4VoD
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYWpo17tKJs
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYZ647wnfse
而這種利用污水來調查人口社會狀況，學名為Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE)，不少國家亦都有廣泛使用的報告，其中印度芬蘭等國家亦在污水中找出武肺病毒的存在，而啟動病毒來源追溯程序。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdA6EpVofpx
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6jBINb97DY
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwsgDmztzYf
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbzSRGAs0lV
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYcCFAD10tH
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOU028vdRDy
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡViF591xZMu
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRB4HoMjZqk
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFWF51ddghX
Link:586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbn63D1pqZJ
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSccLKnGQ7V
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuOBrAZhxDA
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTyE3BQBaVe
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLw7hSlcjWa
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdWNoIxH8W9
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvXVSSQ7o64
586Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmzldTWx0lS
Ref1:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412018320877
00
ns216.73.216.251da2
