減肥是不少女性、又或者亦是男性的終身使命。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLjvnKnCFW2
先天上，兩性在儲存脂肪及體脂分佈上均有非常不同的地方。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoYfocBcFr2
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBvNxlDAFMe
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzm3KjCRswt
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0wnQLWUEME
（圖1）已知的知識中，荷爾蒙及性別染色體在脂肪控制上均扮演著舉足輕重的角色。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe3tVtLjs8k
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡycluRGOv1X
普遍來說，女性傾向把脂肪儲存在臀部，而更年期的女性及男性則傾向把脂肪儲存在肚部。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAdVFBsePsd
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrI6Wkuk3w9
增加更年期女性的體內雌激素濃度的話，將能減低脂肪儲存在肚部的傾向，間接證明荷爾蒙對於體脂分佈的影響性。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTmvok6RTNM
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLSepedH4he
然而，性別荷爾蒙在青春期發育的時候最為旺盛，但男女性的人體嬰兒及老鼠在發育之前，體脂的分佈亦已有所不同。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ9iGa0V6Lt
而且，XXY的男性比XY的男性，體脂相對為多。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡphqbCH0iZh
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy6S3Hlwgoo
這亦暗示性別染色體在脂肪控制上亦扮演著一定的角色。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2caTvbeUJj
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIPACnVYmyq
而近日就有科學家發表文章（Ref1)，解構X染色體導致脂肪相對上較容易增加的原因。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD1VdROYNty
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡswo6c5NpWw
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6ipAN0wgCm
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBS4jDQK1Np
（圖2）X染色體主宰超過800種蛋白質的產生。我們的身體有一道名為X inactivation的機制，使其中一條X染色體不能正常運作，好使蛋白質不會以雙倍的方式產生，造就男性及女性相關於X染色體所產生的蛋白質水平不會有太大的差異；1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ97vr3Yjtjr
男性只有一條X染色體，而X inactivation亦不會發生。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMD51D3IxdZ
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5wMyhrqzpB
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkPIboIgm6W
但有時候，有一些X chromosome區域並沒有被抑制下來，造就女性身上某些蛋白質的數量會比男性為高。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOahqRXoGzg
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBi49WSU7dm
而現今發現，有至少四種蛋白質普遍上並沒有被X inactivation機制抑制下來。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFthhvQcD83
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnWPdF7Gsez
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5nASzSd2Kv
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHVkPioWQd5
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdZysS1r6ZD
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmfn7tpOhgh
（圖3）Kdm5c就是其中一隻沒有被抑制下來的蛋白質，它是一種histone deacetylase，簡單來說就是有著控制基因上那一些蛋白質能夠產生出來，那一些不能產生出來的權力。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbBL1KL2ex7
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIJSMPwIHP9
科學家用上不同的實驗證實，Kdm5c有著控制幹細胞較容易變成為脂肪細胞的功能。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ588BuwUCTh
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeCPe7faMrn
在老鼠上，Kdm5c數量的多少，對於進食的數量並沒有太大的變化，但Kedm5c數量較多的老鼠身上則有著更多的脂肪。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkybeu3QRcP
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiEsFAFd3Lg
而對比七百多名孖生女性體內Kdm5c數量及其BMI的話，亦能發現有著正比的關係。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡie357DORMv
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH5FusEz2rd
女士先天上較易產生更多的脂肪，將有助懷孕的時候給予嬰兒更多的保護及營養需要。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyulGysv2Zm
而Kdm5c這蛋白質是否為此先天性上而設，暫時還沒有決定性的實驗能夠證實。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7dvHN3xtpJ
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0CX8h7rIEw
至於能否利用基因技術或者藥物來抑制Kdm5c的數量或功效而達至減肥功效，暫時亦沒有任何的數據，而且Kdm5c顯然不只是局限於影響脂肪新陳代謝這一方面，隨意抑壓的話相當有機會會導致不良的副作用效果。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiowIbTdfYg
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfbz0QNHrId
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIkdt2kMHYy
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDv6tOpGteS
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvQavgRO5RC
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWY2KR6YhbC
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2t0W1WNPc4
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeBLFvS9GpW
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0pg7rkM4aG
Link:1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYg0xnAwEjb
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt5Es8z0Hmk
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYpYvZYf8nH
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8hYMFxyehx
有興趣接收科普資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZsKJ4D1ifM
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpQI77bo1Xi
1047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKJqvtiHOYP
Ref1:https://www.jci.org/articles/view/1402231047Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNeS5C8LKLj
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