x

癌症一直是備受關注的議題，至今已累積不少證據，癌細胞的新陳代謝與普通細胞有著與別不同的地方。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWy8IqmSntL
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ84itKByidM
不少科學家深信，若然能夠針對癌細胞獨有的新陳代謝機制，將能更有效及針對性抑壓癌細胞的生長，甚至是殲滅它們。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKmBEf8GaWa
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzndbFdhfl6
近日，有科學家發表文章（Ref1)，提出新的證據顯示新陳代謝對於癌細胞擴展的重要性。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfO9YRK4stn
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBdTDKC65Hz
圖1）講解文章內容之前，我們需要快速學習一下相關的術語。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmnUNwmaTV1
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlHVrkELL85
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA1WEnA7WFz
腫瘤由原來的位置轉移到另外一個器官，整個過程我們稱之為Metastasis。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh0j0ljZcay
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ4H8o9iKbG
Primary Tumor(原發腫瘤)就是指原本被發現的癌細胞所在地，癌細胞會透過血液循環系統(Blood Circulatory System)或者淋巴系統(Lymphatic System)而從原本的位置轉移到另外一個器官，若然癌細胞能夠在第二個器官順利安頓下來及繁殖生長的話，我們會稱那腫瘤為Secondary Tumor（繼發性腫瘤）。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrFx7CecenG
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO5PVRyydRv
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdb7d329d4t
非常遺憾地，很多癌症病人的死因就在於Metastasis的發生，亦即是繼發性腫瘤的出現。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmSUYIK4OQj
所以現今有不少科學家致力研究癌細胞Metastasis的機制，希望可以找出有效的方法阻止其發生。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5IuTvJeEGF
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIMGUEkSFFJ
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy2WiFee9HV
（圖2）科學家們分別從30歲以下人士及60歲以上人士抽取其血清用作培養癌細胞之用。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ90mMuERGGF
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdJkavffEEF
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhuawmGnWFi
他們發現，利用60歲以上人士血清培養過的癌細胞，將比30歲以下人士的1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPaNoLeB9OK
1.更呈化療藥物抗藥性1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJBKO6IJqsa
2.更容易使癌細胞出現Metastasis1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeBFqnnif1b
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPzzJ6gbJUG
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVeV0KvUV6H
（圖3）經過一大輪的實驗後，科學家們發現60歲以上人士的血清含有更多methylmalonic acid (MMA)。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyyi52iWyB9
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9bvGF3hyxN
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoUVpZXhmnn
當清除血清裡的MMA過後，血清亦因而失去誘導癌細胞發生Metastasis的功能；1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhEdRpd1PPL
MMA的來源，已知是由代謝蛋白質及脂肪的時候會產生出來。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡONPPsTbCVH
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxqcznCZ4ho
而他們亦證實，脂肪結構會協助MMA更有效率進入癌細胞，誘發一系列的過程誘使Metastasis發生。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQEMCkqlbm2
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrHtrclIsuq
確實究竟是甚麼的脂肪結構，以及為何年老人士會有較多的MMA，暫時還沒能搞清楚。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqecD9DSwnq
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLVOYSEFLG4
缺乏維他命B12，已被確定為會引致更多MMA的產生，但是從60歲以上人士的血清裡頭並沒有發現維他命B12與血清的MMA有直接的關聯，相信一定是有其他的原因導致MMA濃度的增加。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsCgp4vnXgi
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡriesf32K9f
要注意的是，文章所說的是，MMA有著誘導癌細胞進行Metastasis功效，而不是指MMA能夠誘導細胞轉化成為癌細胞。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsVQB68YkhI
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxjgwQoCQ8d
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ83hVGbjqdA
總結來說，隨著歲數的增加，我們身體裡的MMA濃度亦會增加，提供了一個「良好」的環境讓癌細胞進行Metastasis。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ22hTXbH9Xx
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsF9dM7Yc1P
無論如何，如何想利用這結果來進一步發展日後的癌細胞醫療方法，還需要深入搞清楚裡頭的機制才行。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCGsa2w4H3y
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSbWAoNGZ1z
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW93QvYI8lQ
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNOCmIOAtzY
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8bc4TjsypQ
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4hnNpjVmrd
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡObpAtf7b6N
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIveSdFICk4
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0i7yUvoZne
Link:1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ41pyQ0YaJ8
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4THbDqgddN
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTIuz35YzGA
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7s2y2PBOnN
有興趣接收科普資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡufYAVP7awp
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvWZUuu013n
1009Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtdNSqt0sJR
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2630-08964 copyright protection1005ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2O2yBeoW6O 維尼

216.73.216.204