白蘑菇上的啡點,大多是由名為P. tolaasii 的細菌引起,學名為Brown Blotch Disease(Ref1)。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAhB7JdPnkWL1391Please respect copyright.PENANAMWtwPX2VHS
1391Please respect copyright.PENANA6rC1tl3XAf
雖然P. tolaasii 細菌不會使人染病,但普遍大多數消費者也不會購買帶有啡點的蘑菇,只會買下白色乾淨且有彈性的白蘑菇。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAMr0yEpcACI
1391Please respect copyright.PENANATCcd1UmLkK
基於Brown Blotch Disease的傳染性非常之高的關係,當有一顆蘑菇受到感染,其後波及的面積將會非常巨大,讓農夫們蒙受損失。1391Please respect copyright.PENANARq9x2evcGf
1391Please respect copyright.PENANAfoOzBt7wGd
而這種細菌同時亦會波及士多啤梨椰菜花等農作物,故此絕對不能忽視。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAlzw5qFyhsK
1391Please respect copyright.PENANA6q0Qwej9hw1391Please respect copyright.PENANA17CfX636le
1391Please respect copyright.PENANA3BIttfmExz
(圖2)已知的是,P. tolaasii 細菌會產生名為tolaasins的物質,在白蘑菇表面上產生微孔,導致啡黑色的圓點出現。1391Please respect copyright.PENANApTYuD0WYUH
1391Please respect copyright.PENANA9Qd572NaWg
(圖3)近日有科學家發表文章(Ref2),證實另一種類的細菌M. tolaasinivorans /M. lacteus能將環狀結構的tolaasins轉變成直線結構。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAJSgQ2jtA031391Please respect copyright.PENANAzck2imyb4h
1391Please respect copyright.PENANA2kQSY6owu2
而最為重要的是,直線結構的tolaasins再也沒有能力在白蘑菇上產生啡點。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAKOjKlOX1md
1391Please respect copyright.PENANAKPEfqKYPHl
(圖4)他們亦發現,M.tolaasinivorans /M. Lacteus 同時亦能破壞P. tolaasii裡頭一隻名為pseudodesmin物質的部份結構,得以減慢P. tolaasii的生長速度。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAGIWPPrPVGV1391Please respect copyright.PENANAWQ9XvFoTsS
1391Please respect copyright.PENANAAyibPeqHew
1391Please respect copyright.PENANA9MJnOybxnr
此項發現除了揭示可以利用細菌擊倒細菌此等手法保護農作物的手法外,同時亦指引科學家們可以研究出針對破壞該兩種物質的化學物,作為另一種保護白蘑菇等農作物外觀的手段。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAh1h6iYChPd
1391Please respect copyright.PENANAnKwYmrKMkS
「同類」擊倒同類,滲透繼而分化的破壞力,絕對是不容忽視的。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAbkbwxqs3gU
1391Please respect copyright.PENANAkqdfosX4rx
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAo8oqUbJZm5
1391Please respect copyright.PENANAXBWupeDlad
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1391Please respect copyright.PENANAQNhF14zhFW
1391Please respect copyright.PENANAKzRaUvEdnI
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAcKwbrvJOoY
1391Please respect copyright.PENANA5M0ZDFgF7Q
Link:1391Please respect copyright.PENANAoKneiUUkRQ
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1391Please respect copyright.PENANA7YRiV5w9ng
1391Please respect copyright.PENANAa6IoE2rpNN
1391Please respect copyright.PENANAJS2KztTtBZ
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1391Please respect copyright.PENANAxyF5lKAOlk
1391Please respect copyright.PENANABQgSvKNCae
1391Please respect copyright.PENANABi7iMsdRGw
Ref1:https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/23/5/591/5332401391Please respect copyright.PENANAa0JUPU8wms
Ref2:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32868430/1391Please respect copyright.PENANADxwAYGgDcB