現今已知接近有7萬幾種的基因變異會引起疾病。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmWlzXRPCaS
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbVChwh8AO5
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7oxGm3HYWs
隨著CRISPR基因編輯技術的興起，將會為根治這些疾病帶來曙光。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡETusbvTCs6
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcWXCzl9ZKy
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNs6nEInSXP
（圖2）圖中將展示「舊式」的編輯方法HDR（Homology Directed Repair)機制。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGxQQbIKitH
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHXUmBZmE2Q
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAwkmhxUiaz
sgRNA將會引領Cas9蛋白質抵達不理想的基因突變位置，其後Cas9蛋白質會將基因斬斷成兩截；442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtEVMvKjaLc
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLgMIKPFJn4
根據Cas9蛋白質的特性，可修改至只斬一條特定的DNA位置，其後會再提及。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM7kgwo6UH6
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWxvfavmEFj
（圖3）此時候，如果將盛載想修改的基因排組送到斷成兩截的基因附近，細胞便會加以利用，將原本的紫色區域改成為黃色區域。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQQOkhRpuM9
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpgKDBoj1mw
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnY81ax4UQg
但這個方法的隨機性非常之高，最終結果有可能會出現基因刪減，又或者是其他基因排組的插入。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXlpF2VQ9Je
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqLVzpF7hns
套用基因編輯技術於治療病人身上的話，精準度必須要非常之高，此手段明顯並不理想。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdmVzrnH5Xp
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡktsckSyrmh
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeeVC2q2vir
（圖4）至於新式編輯方法Prime Editing方面，同樣亦是套用CRISPR技術，但各組件及理念則有所修改。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡigxZjB4OCa
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdEjMuu0ezL
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyNMEO8rh8h
擁有Transcriptase Domain的Cas9變種蛋白質將會被含有預想修改基因排組的pegRNA引領到不理想的基因突變位置，而這一次只會斬斷特定的一條DNA。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT3oTYgnxhm
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡulYYEw2olj
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQsjloI0iuz
（圖5）其後，Cas9變種蛋白質會讀取pegRNA內含的預想修改基因排組，並將一條DNA的基因排組成功修改。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKD5fKKQhkw
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPXjA1MFPtt
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡASlaB1poHm
經過一系列難以深入淺出的程序後，最終亦會完成成功修改雙方兩截的DNA。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxq56IP531r
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUB95PJmvTS
（圖6）紅色區域為不理想的基因修改結果(Ref2)，新式編輯方法PrimeEditing明顯優勝於舊式編輯方法HDR，但仍有一定程度的進步空間。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHY3Hy061M6
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡljpeA7hrSv
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcPmJqA6NoL
有朝一日，CRISPR基因編輯技術定必會在治療疾病上得以普及化。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfkk5TDuRfU
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI0G4E9XfDZ
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvbuMeCeapS
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT3qypaZ0sH
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEc4YJUKOVo
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIQmo93KZ2M
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA2OdMZw6AH
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpnwbPPCsQE
Link:442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnaOVcd85W6
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP9cdCj5h61
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKq2pAkmRoM
442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlVJexUmNqu
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1711-4442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvydWlJX9Ba
Ref2:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19136-7
00
ns216.73.216.192da2
