酵母能夠將葡萄糖轉化成為酒精及二氧化碳, 酵母品種Saccharomyces cerevisiae亦因此亦成為了釀酒用的長年之選。601Please respect copyright.PENANAfp3sBvyB72601Please respect copyright.PENANAcXtmKfNwev
601Please respect copyright.PENANALJzH0zwEPq
那麼除了酵母之外,細菌又可不可以用來釀酒呢?601Please respect copyright.PENANAwMChQKb7WC
601Please respect copyright.PENANAauwfHwFYFc
(圖2)事實上的確有細菌品種能夠轉化葡萄糖為酒精,Z.mobilis是其中一道例子,其產生酒精的效率比酵母高出3-5倍(Ref1)。601Please respect copyright.PENANAgtMpTwoCYF
甚至乎,Z.mobilis 細菌的最高酒精產量可達97%(Ref2),而S. cerevisiae則最高只能去到90-92%(Ref3)。601Please respect copyright.PENANAbmXBxTHgMA601Please respect copyright.PENANAOpSSKGOcTw
601Please respect copyright.PENANAjapaQ4JFOT
可觀的表面數據擺在眼前,為何好像並不常聽見有人利用細菌來釀酒呢?601Please respect copyright.PENANAYAzrCM8zYq
601Please respect copyright.PENANAdOB83EFXAl
(圖3)其中一道致命的原因,就是該細菌產生酒精的過程中,會產生帶有異味及混濁顏色的化學物(Acetylaldehyde及Sulfide Compounds),為酒精飲品帶來味覺及視覺的負面影響。601Please respect copyright.PENANAn5C0tdZBoF601Please respect copyright.PENANApArRHhihDM
601Please respect copyright.PENANAJRxX9SnFdq
以墨西哥的普逵酒 (Pulque)為例,其釀製過程中便會加入Z. mobilis,從圖中可以清楚見得到其視覺的衝突,至於味道究竟如何我就不太清楚......601Please respect copyright.PENANA2SHa8NBv9j
601Please respect copyright.PENANA4BstcyWFIq
另一方面,基於Z. mobilis 無法在pH 3.75以下的環境繁殖,有不少的英國蘋果酒均會盡量將pH壓低3.5或以下,減低酒精受到Z. mobilis污染的機會。601Please respect copyright.PENANA4BlcfiqWP2
601Please respect copyright.PENANAKoJ0dTc54V
雖然細菌在產酒過程中會產生對飲用帶來負面效果的化學物,但基於其卓越的產酒效率,在工業用酒精的生產方面仍有其發揮空間。601Please respect copyright.PENANATlND02CcnL
同時間,亦難保有科學家會利用基因編輯技術,產生出一種高效率而又不會產生不良化合物的釀酒細菌品種。601Please respect copyright.PENANAIhyFDG3wWW
601Please respect copyright.PENANAA3HGmYaij9
601Please respect copyright.PENANAANOwtoLieH
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。601Please respect copyright.PENANAHY6cAfYAQf
601Please respect copyright.PENANASGoHffjQkF
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc601Please respect copyright.PENANA9jvXtim5tH
601Please respect copyright.PENANAkwBo5qb5Zb
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。601Please respect copyright.PENANA17XsTqu8sB
601Please respect copyright.PENANARk1i9heuIK
Link:601Please respect copyright.PENANANTj9X9GGvA
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio601Please respect copyright.PENANAa6mV19hDQb
601Please respect copyright.PENANAzlsvpG5VPi
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。601Please respect copyright.PENANAuKN9mVIYHr
601Please respect copyright.PENANAVp1F38BGHT
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/601Please respect copyright.PENANABWkAVoluiu
601Please respect copyright.PENANAsYYftLGgOI
601Please respect copyright.PENANA8zlCs4tqm0
601Please respect copyright.PENANAg2zxEQkNWy
Ref1:https://academic.oup.com/femsle/article/145/3/301/605010601Please respect copyright.PENANAj0OFekPi29
Ref2:https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F3540116982_2601Please respect copyright.PENANAQUcr705fIj
Ref3:https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-003-1393-5601Please respect copyright.PENANAm7McTMa6T2