因人而異,膀胱/尿袋 (Urinary Bladder)一般來說可以儲存300-500ml尿液。901Please respect copyright.PENANAFVCcSGjJFC
901Please respect copyright.PENANAECEgvlqD9W
901Please respect copyright.PENANAAMRnyUMPZ7
尿液的其中一個功能,就是將體內的毒素或細菌排出,而膀胱經常有大量尿液儲存,為罪惡的蘊藏之所,體內的警署。901Please respect copyright.PENANAAEvqwVGmSH
901Please respect copyright.PENANAZLbQVf86tS
想深一層,身體的細菌經由尿液聚首一堂,膀胱豈不是非常容易令受到感染?901Please respect copyright.PENANAwDuk9IqxyV
901Please respect copyright.PENANAFhZMsMpHeI
(致病的細菌及毒素亦可從糞便排出)901Please respect copyright.PENANANK5uN2sYsE
901Please respect copyright.PENANAQ6TMzFRj9B
901Please respect copyright.PENANAb4a7gGnX2I
(圖2)尿調理素(Uromodulin/Tamm–Horsfall Protein)是尿液其中一種常見的主要蛋白,主要在腎臟管道生產。901Please respect copyright.PENANABaKDgfvmmh
901Please respect copyright.PENANAcBtD84MpkJ
901Please respect copyright.PENANAYKgpp66v2I
它被認定為有抵禦細菌感染的作用,但一直以來也沒有充分的證據得以證明。901Please respect copyright.PENANARYNlypUFfG
901Please respect copyright.PENANAlKTTsCt4X4
近日,有科學家利用最新的電子顯微鏡技術及各種實驗輔證(Ref1),終於確立得到尿調理素抵禦細菌感染的功能。901Please respect copyright.PENANAtW3usI25Cp
901Please respect copyright.PENANAnfQpGeVr2B
(圖3)先簡單重溫一下細菌的外部結構,今次我們會特別著重提及Pili,它賦予細菌與外部接觸的能力。901Please respect copyright.PENANAMVjljPCHpi
901Please respect copyright.PENANAQEtTkeZfqT
901Please respect copyright.PENANAT8JPcoWvue
901Please respect copyright.PENANAzSDDTbYWqH
901Please respect copyright.PENANAUB3llqDxk5
(圖4)左邊是文中的圖片,黃色箭嘴頭所指示的就是細菌的pili,它能夠與uromodulin建立非常穩定的連結;901Please respect copyright.PENANAMnRRJXgGQw
箇中的連結需要糖份組織的幫助。901Please respect copyright.PENANA9okLJjTNaL
901Please respect copyright.PENANAiFEZBUYhl5
901Please respect copyright.PENANAyHdU9gC3hC
(圖5)Uromodulin在尿液的大量存在,將會強迫致病的大腸桿菌聚在一起,以免大腸桿菌能夠與膀胱內壁接觸及進行感染。901Please respect copyright.PENANA67Iu0K7Qsy
901Please respect copyright.PENANAnNU7vjBgIu
901Please respect copyright.PENANAAnnKxq7F0Q
以壓倒性的數量,簡單將致病的大腸桿菌聚集及封鎖在一起,這種防禦機制相對地直接簡單。901Please respect copyright.PENANAqJ7v0qdKtw
至於Uromodulin能否與所有已知的致命細菌結合、會否有著其他的機制及功能,還需要進一步的調查。901Please respect copyright.PENANAepbc5hAnnP
901Please respect copyright.PENANAE7w1e2gl6E
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。901Please respect copyright.PENANAmD5X5FFUEE
901Please respect copyright.PENANALvw3A12DyX
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc901Please respect copyright.PENANAhAGzra5nTq
901Please respect copyright.PENANAQpdpmlLRAw
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。901Please respect copyright.PENANA1kx6dPUq1l
901Please respect copyright.PENANAWOsSQAoRMn
Link:901Please respect copyright.PENANA3MEwrnVUk1
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio901Please respect copyright.PENANAQxrlnsilgZ
901Please respect copyright.PENANAxDn9dviYzK
901Please respect copyright.PENANAQjvlBFibRN
有興趣接收科普資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。901Please respect copyright.PENANAORHU0vZ6SE
901Please respect copyright.PENANAMkMNpHozLO
Ref1:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6506/1005?ijkey=e112b23dc73c7c7bd746a5711869e4bf44026346&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
10
ns 172.70.178.55da2