因人而異,膀胱/尿袋 (Urinary Bladder)一般來說可以儲存300-500ml尿液。902Please respect copyright.PENANA4FnxYkf18d
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尿液的其中一個功能,就是將體內的毒素或細菌排出,而膀胱經常有大量尿液儲存,為罪惡的蘊藏之所,體內的警署。902Please respect copyright.PENANAdATmD3HiDv
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想深一層,身體的細菌經由尿液聚首一堂,膀胱豈不是非常容易令受到感染?902Please respect copyright.PENANAKVrKtt1XlF
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(致病的細菌及毒素亦可從糞便排出)902Please respect copyright.PENANAOrqumO5Ff5
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(圖2)尿調理素(Uromodulin/Tamm–Horsfall Protein)是尿液其中一種常見的主要蛋白,主要在腎臟管道生產。902Please respect copyright.PENANAhASETe6DT8
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它被認定為有抵禦細菌感染的作用,但一直以來也沒有充分的證據得以證明。902Please respect copyright.PENANAwIYhgncyOg
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近日,有科學家利用最新的電子顯微鏡技術及各種實驗輔證(Ref1),終於確立得到尿調理素抵禦細菌感染的功能。902Please respect copyright.PENANAqgaLZi7xCX
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(圖3)先簡單重溫一下細菌的外部結構,今次我們會特別著重提及Pili,它賦予細菌與外部接觸的能力。902Please respect copyright.PENANAT70zUe8v1A
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(圖4)左邊是文中的圖片,黃色箭嘴頭所指示的就是細菌的pili,它能夠與uromodulin建立非常穩定的連結;902Please respect copyright.PENANAiz6PfGivxV
箇中的連結需要糖份組織的幫助。902Please respect copyright.PENANA1G9IwEMMDw
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(圖5)Uromodulin在尿液的大量存在,將會強迫致病的大腸桿菌聚在一起,以免大腸桿菌能夠與膀胱內壁接觸及進行感染。902Please respect copyright.PENANAqxyz8vdonO
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以壓倒性的數量,簡單將致病的大腸桿菌聚集及封鎖在一起,這種防禦機制相對地直接簡單。902Please respect copyright.PENANAI0MvnSA0Zb
至於Uromodulin能否與所有已知的致命細菌結合、會否有著其他的機制及功能,還需要進一步的調查。902Please respect copyright.PENANAXJpyPLPIMA
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如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。902Please respect copyright.PENANAzmllXbRgql
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc902Please respect copyright.PENANAqpJG476vds
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。902Please respect copyright.PENANAtwOCl7SUBP
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Link:902Please respect copyright.PENANARJF7fmUMPF
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio902Please respect copyright.PENANAOs8WZpYAxz
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有興趣接收科普資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。902Please respect copyright.PENANAi4tZvkWJxY
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Ref1:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6506/1005?ijkey=e112b23dc73c7c7bd746a5711869e4bf44026346&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
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